Layout considerations for 2D planar waveguide OXC with integrated lens pair

Mackenzie, M.; Kwok, Chee Yee; Peng, Gang-Ding

doi:10.1117/12.523233

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In fact, a focusing and collimating element in a PLC are required in optical switches or optical sensors for the improvement of the coupling efficiency. [1][2][3][4] A waveguide lens structure, using a high refractive index difference of 0.45 between air and the waveguide, has been reported. 5) However, the loss due to the reflection at the surface is high because of the large refractive index difference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistage Polymeric Lens Structures Integrated into Silica Waveguides

Tate

Suzuki

Tsuda

2006

jjap

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A waveguide lens, composed of multistage polymer-filled thin grooves in a silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) is proposed and a low-loss structure has been designed. A waveguide lens in a silica slab waveguide has been fabricated using reactive ion etching (RIE) and formed by filling with polymer. Both an imagding optical system and a Fourier-transform optical system can be configured in a PLC using a waveguide lens. It renders the PLC functional and its design flexible. To obtain a shorter focal length with a low insertion loss, it is more effective to use a multistage lens structure. An imaging optical system and a Fourier-transform optical system with a focal length of less than 1000 µm were fabricated in silica waveguides using a multistage lens structure. The lens imaging waveguides incorporate a 16–24-stage lens, with insertion losses of 4–7 dB. A 4 ×4 optical coupler, using a Fourier-transform optical system, utilizes a 6-stage lens with losses of 2–4 dB.

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