LBlockchainE: A Lightweight Blockchain for Edge IoT-Enabled Maritime Transportation Systems

Jiang, Yu; Xu, Xiaolong; Gao, Honghao; Rajab, Adel; Xiao, Fu; Wang, Xinheng

doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3157447

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Jiang et al [36] proposed a light weight block chain for edge computing (LBlockchainE) and proposed the data placement strategy. LBlockchainE applies the low-energy-consumption characteristics of Proof of Stake to determine the ownership of bookkeeping rights through a small number of competitive calculations and the resources of the node.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attack Detection Using a Lightweight Blockchain Based Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm in Cyber Systems

Vatambeti¹,

Divya²,

Jalla³

et al. 2022

IJSSE

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Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are highly susceptible to malicious cyberattacks due to their reliance on communication networks. For this reason, many different attack detection techniques have been developed to guarantee the safety of CPSs. This article introduces BlockChain (BC) to address CPS issues such as data security and privacy. Additionally, BC is not well suited for CPS due to its high computing complexity, limited scalability, significant bandwidth overhead, and latency. To meet the requirements of CPS, a light-weight blockchain-based signature algorithm (LWBSA) model is developed in this work. The concept's resource constraints are alleviated by having a single centrally managed manager generate shared keys for outward-bound data transmission requests. The LWBSA paradigm provided herein produces an overlay network where extremely equipped resources can merge into a community BC, hence ensuring both dedicated privileges. Lightweight consensus, the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA), and distributed throughput management (DTM) are the three optimizations implemented in the ELIB model discussed here. Extensive simulation is carried out to examine the implications of different situations on processing time, energy usage, and overhead. The experimental outcomes show that the LWBSA achieves the best possible performance across a wide variety of measures.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attack Detection Using a Lightweight Blockchain Based Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm in Cyber Systems

Vatambeti¹,

Divya²,

Jalla³

et al. 2022

IJSSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The proposition was validated through experimentation, and the results showed a security improvement of 8% and a transaction processing speed improvement of 6% while resisting attacks such as replay attacks and camouflage attacks. In the same scope, Jiang et al [34] presented a lightweight blockchain, tailored for edge IoT-enabled MTS and capable of guaranteeing the security of sensor data. This work explored the low-energy-consumption characteristics of the proof of stake consensus, reducing the energy used by IoT devices.…”

Section: Blockchain In Maritime Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Secure and Scalable Maritime Monitoring System Using Blockchain and Low-Cost IoT Technology

Freire

Melo

Nascimento

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) is a strategic field of study that seeks to provide a coastal country with an effective monitoring of its maritime resources and its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). In this scope, a Maritime Monitoring System (MMS) aims to leverage active surveillance of military and non-military activities at sea using sensing devices such as radars, optronics, automatic Identification Systems (AISs), and IoT, among others. However, deploying a nation-scale MMS imposes great challenges regarding the scalability and cybersecurity of this heterogeneous system. Aiming to address these challenges, this work explores the use of blockchain to leverage MMS cybersecurity and to ensure the integrity, authenticity, and availability of relevant navigation data. We propose a prototype built on a permissioned blockchain solution using HyperLedger Fabric—a robust, modular, and efficient open-source blockchain platform. We evaluate this solution’s performance through a practical experiment where the prototype receives sensing data from a Software-Defined-Radio (SDR)-based low-cost AIS receiver built with a Raspberry Pi. In order to reduce scalability attrition, we developed a dockerized blockchain client easily deployed on a large scale. Furthermore, we determined, through extensive experimentation, the client optimal hardware configuration, also aiming to reduce implementation and maintenance costs. The performance results provide a quantitative analysis of the blockchain technology overhead and its impact in terms of Quality of Service (QoS), demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of our solution in the scope of an MMS using AIS data.

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“…[86] NS-3 Consensus processing time, implementation cost (hardware implementation area), power consumption [87] N/A Storage cost [88] Python & NS-3 Storage cost, block propagation time, number of calculations [89] N/A Storage cost [90] Cooja Number of transactions mined, latency, consensus time, energy consumption [91] C The increment of the Flash and RAM memory occupation and the average network latency [92] Hyperledger Storage efficiency, computational cost, communication cost [93] Ethereum Computational complexity, communication overhead [94] N/A CPU usage, memory usage, transactions performance [95] Matlab Consensus algorithm complexity, consensus efficiency [96] N/A Transaction throughput, memory usage, CPU utilization, bandwidth consumption [97] N/A Resource utilization, consensus delay [98] Ethereum Blockchain size, CPU and memory overhead, storage latency, PKI latency [99] Ethereum Storage cost, computational cost [100] N/A Computational cost, communication overhead [101] Hyperledger Transactions per second, consensus delay, communication times [102] Hyperledger Transactions per second, scalability, storage cost, block weight N/A Transactions per second [103] Hyperledger Scalability, storage cost, transactions delay, processing time [104] N/A DAG consensus: cumulative weights, number of tips, simulation time [106] Python Transaction confirmation overhead, validation overhead [107] Matlab Operating capability under the symmetric and asymmetric information environments [108] Python Authentication delay, application delay, network usage and energy consumption [109] Ethereum Gas cost, response time [110] Python Storage overhead, consensus latency [111] Hyperledger Transfer speed, migration time [112] Ethereum Disk usage, memory allocation, CPU usage, throughput, power consumption [113] NS3 Cryptography computational cost [114] N/A Power consumption, CPU usage, block transmission cost, message transmission overhead [114] Java Computational cost, storage, communication overhead, consensus delay...…”

Section: A Lightweight Blockchain Technical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Literature Review of Lightweight Blockchain for IoT

et al. 2022

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The Internet of Things (IoT) has become an essential part of our society. IoT devices are used in our houses, hospitals, cars, industry, etc., making our lives easier. Nonetheless, there are a number of serious concerns about security, privacy and performance issues in IoT. It has been proven that the aforementioned issues are strictly related to the high degree of centralisation of current IoT architecture. Thus, there is an increasing interest in adopting blockchain in IoT. However, blockchain adoption is not straightforward due to the power, storage and computational limitations of IoT. Consequently, the concept of lightweight blockchain is getting more and more attention from researchers and engineers. In this paper, we conduct a systematic literature review on the lightweight blockchain concept for IoT following the PRISMA methodology. We systematically analyse "lightweight blockchain for IoT" proposals in order to better understand the limitations of blockchain for IoT, the characteristics of the current work on this topic and further research opportunities. Specifically, we analyse the definition of lightweight blockchain that other authors give, the characteristics of the reviewed proposals, their "lightweight" aspects and their evaluation. Finally, we discuss the results of the review along with further research opportunities. Consequently, this work is mostly focused on understanding the technical and performance-related aspects of blockchain for IoT as a prelude to more specific analysis such as security (i.e., attacks, vulnerabilities, etc.).

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LBlockchainE: A Lightweight Blockchain for Edge IoT-Enabled Maritime Transportation Systems

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Attack Detection Using a Lightweight Blockchain Based Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm in Cyber Systems

Attack Detection Using a Lightweight Blockchain Based Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm in Cyber Systems

Towards a Secure and Scalable Maritime Monitoring System Using Blockchain and Low-Cost IoT Technology

A Systematic Literature Review of Lightweight Blockchain for IoT

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