LC-HRMS and GC-MS Profiling of Urine Free Cortisol, Cortisone, 6Β-, and 18-Hydroxycortisol for the Evaluation of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Disorders

Casals, Gregori; Ballesteros, María Antonieta; Zamora, Angielys; Martínez, Irene; Fernández-Varo, Guillermo; Mora, Mireia; Hanzu, Felicia A.; Morales-Ruiz, Manuel

doi:10.3390/biom14050558

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…The retention time and charge to the mass ratio serve as the basis to distinguish compounds. With consistency in these two parameters, it is generally assumed that the substances are identical [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. As shown in Figure 3 , the signals of the four standard reference substances match well with the signals of the extract of wormwood oil: the retention time of carvacrol was 6.523 min and 6.521 min, the retention time of 4-terpenol was 10.643 min and 10.647 min, the retention time of L-borneol was 11.387 min and 11.389 min, and the retention time of eucalyptol was 15.947 min and 15.953 min.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Application of Volatilized Wormwood Essence Derived Naturally into Green Insecticide

Jin,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Naturally occurring substances and their derivatives function as vital resources for pesticides that can be used in fields, such as insecticide production and fungicide development. As a botanical entity displaying multifaceted biological functions, wormwood has received thorough scrutiny across multiple sectors. The insect repellency potency combined with antibacterial and antifungal activities of wormwood position it as a potential candidate for prospective development into eco-friendly chemical pesticides. In this research, Wormwood essential oil was procured via ethanol water under ultrasonic scenarios and subsequently diluted with PEG 400 to formulate green chemical pesticides. The defensive efficacy of this green pesticide on plants was validated through 2 weeks of clustered plant growth experiments. Active constituents that exerted their effects were scrutinized by GC-MS. Furthermore, this green pesticide also displays efficacious effects on the prevention and management of aphids, exhibiting a dose-dependent relationship. 4-terpenol, eucalyptol, carvacrol, and L-borneol were identified by GC-MS as the predominant active constituents in this green chemical pesticide. Wormwood can be leveraged to develop green chemical pesticides, which can protect plants without contaminating the environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Application of Volatilized Wormwood Essence Derived Naturally into Green Insecticide

Jin,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Perspectives of Quantitative GC-MS, LC-MS, and ICP-MS in the Clinical Medicine Science—The Role of Analytical Chemistry

Tsikas

2024

JCM

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Mass spectrometry (MS) is the only instrumental analytical technology that utilizes unique properties of matter, that is, its mass (m) and electrical charge (z). In the magnetic and/or electric fields of mass spectrometers, electrically charged native or chemically modified (millions) endogenous and (thousands) exogenous substances, the analytes, are separated according to their characteristic mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) values. Mass spectrometers coupled to gas chromatographs (GC) or liquid chromatographs (LC), the so-called hyphenated techniques, i.e., GC-MS and LC-MS, respectively, enable reliable determination of the concentration of analytes in complex biological samples such as plasma, serum, and urine. A particular technology is represented by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which is mainly used for the analysis of metal ions. The highest analytical accuracy is reached by using mass spectrometers with high mass resolution (HR) or by tandem mass spectrometers, as it can be realized with quadrupole-type instruments, such as GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS, in combination with stable-isotope labeled analytes that serve as internal standards, like a standard weight in scales. GC-MS belongs to the oldest and most advanced instrumental analytical technology. From the very beginning, GC-MS found broad application in basic and applied research sciences. GC-MS has played important roles in discovering biochemical pathways, exploring underlying mechanisms of disease, and establishing new evidence-based pharmacological therapy. In this article, we make an inventory of the use of instrumental mass spectrometry in the life sciences and attempt to provide a perspective study on the future of analytical mass spectrometry in clinical science, mainly focusing on GC-MS and LC-MS. We used information freely available in the scientific database PubMed (retrieved in August–November 2024). Specific search terms such as GC-MS (103,000 articles), LC-MS (113,000 articles), and ICP-MS (14,000 articles) were used in the Title/Abstract in the “PubMed Advanced Search Builder” including filters such as search period (1970–2024). In total, around 103,000 articles on GC-MS, 113,000 articles on LC-MS (113,000), and 14,000 articles on ICP-MS were found. In the period 1995–2023, the yearly publication rate accounted for 3042 for GC-MS articles and 3908 for LC-MS articles (LC-MS/GC-MS ratio, 1.3:1). Our study reveals that GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS, and their high-resolution variants are indispensable instrumentations in clinical science including clinical pharmacology, internal and forensic medicine, and doping control. Long-tradition manufacturers of analytical instruments continue to provide increasingly customer-friendly GC-MS and LC-MS apparatus, enabling fulfillment of current requirements and needs in the life sciences. Quantitative GC-MS and GC-MS/MS methods are expected to be used worldwide hand in hand with LC-MS/MS, with ICP-MS closing the gap left for metal ions. The significance of analytical chemistry in clinical science in academia and industry is essential.

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Simultaneous Determination of Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Stress Biomarkers in Saliva Using In-Tube SPME and LC-MS/MS for the Analysis of the Association between Passive Smoking and Stress

Kataoka,

Miyata,

Ehara

2024

Molecules

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Passive smoking from environmental tobacco smoke not only increases the risk of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease but may also be a stressor triggering neuropsychiatric and other disorders. To prevent these diseases, understanding the relationship between passive smoking and stress is vital. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive method to simultaneously measure nicotine (Nic) and cotinine (Cot) as tobacco smoke exposure biomarkers, and cortisol (CRT), serotonin (5-HT), melatonin (MEL), dopamine (DA), and oxytocin (OXT) as stress-related biomarkers. These were extracted and concentrated from saliva by in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) using a Supel-Q PLOT capillary as the extraction device, then separated and detected within 6 min by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC−MS/MS) using a Kinetex Biphenyl column (Phenomenex Inc., Torrance, CA, USA). Limits of detection (S/N = 3) for Nic, Cot, CRT, 5-HT, MEL, DA, and OXT were 0.22, 0.12, 0.78, 0.39, 0.45, 1.4, and 3.7 pg mL−1, respectively, with linearity of calibration curves in the range of 0.01–25 ng mL−1 using stable isotope-labeled internal standards. Intra- and inter-day reproducibilities were under 7.9% and 14.6% (n = 5) relative standard deviations, and compound recoveries in spiked saliva samples ranged from 82.1 to 106.6%. In thirty nonsmokers, Nic contents positively correlated with CRT contents (R2 = 0.5264, n = 30), while no significant correlation was found with other biomarkers. The standard deviation of intervals between normal beats as the standard measure of heart rate variability analysis negatively correlated with CRT contents (R2 = 0.5041, n = 30). After passive smoke exposure, Nic levels transiently increased, Cot and CRT levels rose over time, and 5-HT, DA, and OXT levels decreased. These results indicate tobacco smoke exposure acts as a stressor in nonsmokers.

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LC-HRMS and GC-MS Profiling of Urine Free Cortisol, Cortisone, 6Β-, and 18-Hydroxycortisol for the Evaluation of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Disorders

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Preparation and Application of Volatilized Wormwood Essence Derived Naturally into Green Insecticide

Preparation and Application of Volatilized Wormwood Essence Derived Naturally into Green Insecticide

Perspectives of Quantitative GC-MS, LC-MS, and ICP-MS in the Clinical Medicine Science—The Role of Analytical Chemistry

Simultaneous Determination of Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Stress Biomarkers in Saliva Using In-Tube SPME and LC-MS/MS for the Analysis of the Association between Passive Smoking and Stress

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