LC-HRMS-Based Profiling: Antibacterial and Lipase Inhibitory Activities of Some Medicinal Plants for the Remedy of Obesity

Abstract

Globally, obesity is a serious health concern that causes numerous diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Medicinal plants have been used to aid in weight loss since ancient times. Thus, this research is focused on the exploration of pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and secondary metabolite profiling of Bergenia ciliata, Mimosa pudica, and Phyllanthus emblica, selected based on an ethnobotanical survey. The lipase inhibition was investigated using 4-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB) as a substrate. To uncover further therapeutic potentials of these medicinal plants, antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts were also determined. The ethyl acetate plant extracts showed higher antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella sonnei. The MIC of ethyl acetate extracts of medicinal plants considered in this study ranges from 1.56 to 6.25 mg/mL. The hexane fraction of Mimosa pudica and Phyllanthus emblica showed a higher lipase inhibitory activity as compared to others, with IC50 values of 0.49 ± 0.02 and 2.45 ± 0.003 mg/mL, respectively. In the case of Bergenia ciliata, the methanolic extract inhibited lipase more effectively than others, with an IC50 value of 1.55 ± 0.02 mg/mL (IC50 value of orlistat was 179.70 ± 3.60 µg/mL). A mass spectrometry analysis of various solvent/solvent partition fractions (extracts) revealed 29 major secondary metabolites. The research offers a multitude of evidence for using medicinal plants as antiobesity and antimicrobial agents.

Anti-Malassezia globosa (MYA-4889, ATCC) activity of Thai propolis from the stingless bee Geniotrigona thoracica

“…At a low MG concentration, the growth inhibition by MG decreased in a dose-dependent manner, which might imply that MG could still help to reduce the pathogenicity of this yeast at low concentrations. In accord with the anti- M. globosa lipase activity by MG reported here, an anti-pancreatic lipase activity by MG was previously reported [ [75] , [76] , [77] ].…”

Screening antibiofilm activity of invasive plants growing at the Slope Merapi Mountain, Central Java, against Candida albicans

“…Several studies demonstrated the presence of flavonoids in invasive M. pudica plant: Sapkota et al . reported that an ethyl-acetate fraction of M. pudica growing in Nepal contained quercetin, catechin, and avicularin [ 60 ]; Yusof et aldetermined orientin, kaempferol 7-rutinoside, and kaempferol 3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside in M. pudica aerial parts [ 61 ]; and Lobstein et al . isolated myricetin and two C-glycosylflavones, 4″-hydroxymaysin and cassiaoccidentalin B, from M. pudica aerial parts [ 62 ].…”

Anti-pathogenic yeast malassezia globosa activity by propolis of stingless bee geniotrigona thoracica

“…Interestingly, anti-M. globosa lipase activity by MG has not been reported yet. It was previously reported that MG from methanolic extract of Galla Rhois (IC 50 > 300 𝜇M), and other natural extracts which containing MG including ethyl extract of Phyllanthus emblica (IC 50 2.45 ± 0.003 mg/ml), and aqueous extracts of Rhus coriaria (IC 50 19.95 𝜇g/ml) had inhibitory activity to pancreatic lipase (Jaradat et al, 2017;Kwon et al, 2013;Sapkota et al, 2022).…”