LC-MS and GC-MS Profiling of Different Fractions of Ficus platyphylla Stem Bark Ethanolic Extract

Abstract

The exploration of medicinal plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases has been practiced for long, globally, because of its cultural acceptability, availability, and affordability. This study investigated the qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals present in Ficus platyphylla stem bark as well as determined the reducing power and antioxidant property of each fraction against DPPH and NO radicals. The study further elucidated the presence of possible compounds in different fractions (methanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, and chloroform) of Ficus platyphylla stem bark (FPSB) extract using GC-MS, LC-MS, and FTIR techniques. Qualitative phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of phytochemicals: saponin, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, and glycoside in the ethanolic extract. The LC-MS study of methanol and ethyl acetate fractions reveals the presence of thirteen and three compounds, respectively. GC-MS analysis shows the presence of trans-13-octadecenoic acid as the main compound 38.07% and cis-vaccenic acid as the least compound (0.10%) in the petroleum ether fraction. The main compound in the chloroform fraction is 12-oleanen-3-yl acetate, (3. alpha.) with a peak area percentage of 49.25% and oleic acid been the least compound with 0.07% peak area. The FTIR analysis reveals that the fractions contain compounds with hydroxyl, aromatic, methyl, methylene, methyne, long aliphatic chain, ethers, ether-oxy, peroxides, etc. The analyzed fractions reveal compounds with potential pharmacological activity in the management of pathological conditions.

Effects of Solvent Polarity on Phytoconstituents, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Dracaena angustifolia Roxb Root Bark Extracts

“…The phytoconstituents alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, and saponins in 0.05 g of extracts were identified following previous reports, with some modifications. 14,15,16,17,18 To detect alkaloids, the root bark extract was dissolved in 1 mL of methanol and filtered. The resulting liquid was mixed with 2 mL of 1% hydrochloric acid (Merck, Germany) and one drop of Dragendorff's reagent (Merck, Germany).…”

“…The formation of a reddish-brown precipitate with turbidity indicated the presence of alkaloids. 14 Flavonoids were identified by adding sodium hydroxide (Merck, Germany) to an extract and dissolved in 1 mL of methanol. Then, 37% hydrochloric acid was added to the root bark extract solution.…”

In vitro Investigation and GC-MS Analysis of the Chemical Constituents in the Fraction of Hexane Leaf Extract of Tapinanthus bangwensis (Engl. and K. Krause) Loranthaceae

“…They provide natural antioxidants, with documented levels of safety when juxtaposed with synthetic medicines. 38 Moreover, hydroxylated secondary metabolites (polyphenols) have significantly elucidated profound biological activity against free radicals, -causative agents for different ailments. 29 According to published studies, squalenephenolic compound, belonging to the triterpene family has gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory agent.…”

Phytochemical Profiling of Basella alba Using Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

“…The gas chromatogram of the methanol extract of B. alba (Figure 1) showed the retention time (RT) and peak area (PA) for the twelve (12) phytochemicals identified in the extract during the GC-MS phytochemical analysis. In addition to the RT and PA, the molecular formula, molecular weight and class of the compounds are presented in Table 1 while the molecular structures of the phytochemicals are presented in Figure 3.…”