LDL cholesterol relates to depression, its severity, and the prospective course

Wagner, Claudia Johanna; Musenbichler, Cornelia; Böhm, Lea; Färber, Katharina; Fischer, Anna-Isabell; Nippold, Felicitas von; Winkelmann, Merle; Richter‐Schmidinger, Tanja; Mühle, Christiane; Kornhuber, Johannes; Lenz, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.01.010

Cited by 78 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…the thickness of carotid intima-media [ 26 ], a sensitivity tool for the assessment of CV risk [ 27 ]. Among lipid biomarkers (total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides) that have been associated with depression per se and depression severity, high levels of LDL-C seem to be those most related to depression [ 28 , 29 ]. This evidence is in line with an increased risk of perceived depression in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, characterized by elevated LDL-C levels and premature CV events [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and cardiovascular risk—association among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 levels and insulin resistance

Macchi

Favero

Ceresa

et al. 2020

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the most common causes of disability in high-income countries, depression being associated with a 30% increased risk of future CV events. Depression is twice as common in people with diabetes and is associated with a 60% rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes, an independent CVD risk factor. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a key regulator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, has been related to a large number of CV risk factors, including insulin resistance. Aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of depression could affect PCSK9 levels in a population of obese subjects susceptible to depressive symptoms and how these changes may mediate a pre-diabetic risk. Results In 389 obese individuals, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was significantly associated with PCSK9 levels. For every one-unit increment in BDI-II score, PCSK9 rose by 1.85 ng/mL. Depression was associated also with the HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance), 11% of this effect operating indirectly via PCSK9. Conclusions This study indicates a possible mechanism linking depression and insulin resistance, a well-known CV risk factor, providing evidence for a significant role of PCSK9.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and cardiovascular risk—association among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 levels and insulin resistance

Macchi

Favero

Ceresa

et al. 2020

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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show abstract

“…Nevertheless, a relation between depression and lipid disturbances has been recently demonstrated [ 233 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 ].…”

Section: Lipid Molecules and Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Actually, high total cholesterol (TC) and LDL are significantly associated with depressive symptoms and severity, with depression prospective course [ 236 ], and with metabolic syndrome in MDD [ 237 ]. In support of the relation between the severity of depression and cholesterol alteration, Enko et al showed that, although depressed patients display only a slight increase in TC and LDL, there is a positive correlation between BDI-II depression score and triglycerides (TG), TC and LDL, and a negative, even though not significant, correlation with HDL [ 238 ].…”

Section: Lipid Molecules and Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Cardiovascular Disease: The Viewpoint of Platelets

Amadio

Zara

Sandrini

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Depression is a major cause of morbidity and low quality of life among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and it is now considered as an independent risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events. Increasing evidence indicates not only that depression worsens the prognosis of cardiac events, but also that a cross-vulnerability between the two conditions occurs. Among the several mechanisms proposed to explain this interplay, platelet activation is the more attractive, seeing platelets as potential mirror of the brain function. In this review, we dissected the mechanisms linking depression and CVD highlighting the critical role of platelet behavior during depression as trigger of cardiovascular complication. In particular, we will discuss the relationship between depression and molecules involved in the CVD (e.g., catecholamines, adipokines, lipids, reactive oxygen species, and chemokines), emphasizing their impact on platelet activation and related mechanisms.

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“…the thickness of carotid intima-media [20], a tool for the assessment of CV risk [21]. Since, among lipid biomarkers associated to CV prevention, LDL-C seems to be the only one related to depression and its severity [22], this study was aimed to verify, in a population of obese subjects, the association between depression and PCSK9 levels and how these changes may play a role in linking depression with insulin resistance, a well-established CV risk factor [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression And Cardiovascular Risk – Association Among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 Levels And Insulin Resistance

Macchi

Favero

Ceresa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the most common causes of disability in high-income countries, depression being associated with a 30% increased risk of future CV events. The association of depression with CV outcomes is likely via behavioral mechanisms, e.g. sedentary lifestyle and obesity, this last being more frequently linked to the occurrence of depressive symptoms. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been related to a large number of CV risk factors, e.g. insulin resistance. Aim of this study was to investigate whether in a population of obese subjects, depression could affect PCSK9 levels and how these changes may mediate potentially associated pre-diabetic risk. Results. In 389 obese individuals, mainly women, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was significantly associated with PCSK9 levels, i.e. for every unit increment in BDI-II score, PCSK9 rose by 1.85 ng/mL and with the homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Mediation analysis suggested that PCSK9 levels partially mediates by 11% the effect of BDI-II on HOMA-IR. Conclusions. This study proposes a possible mechanism linking depression and insulin resistance, a well-known CV risk factor, providing evidence on a role for PCSK9.

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LDL cholesterol relates to depression, its severity, and the prospective course

Cited by 78 publications

References 18 publications

Depression and cardiovascular risk—association among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 levels and insulin resistance

Depression and cardiovascular risk—association among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 levels and insulin resistance

Depression and Cardiovascular Disease: The Viewpoint of Platelets

Depression And Cardiovascular Risk – Association Among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 Levels And Insulin Resistance

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