Le Maghreb à l'épreuve des migrations subsahariennes

Pian, Anaïk

doi:10.3917/kart.bensa.2009.01.0063

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, PKS 1502+106 was not detected (preliminarily) by the imager IBIS on board INTEGRAL. Extrapolating the X-ray flux observed by Swift, the hard-X-ray flux had likely already faded to slightly below the IBIS detection threshold in this epoch (more details will appear in Pian et al 2009).…”

Section: Simultaneous Multifrequency Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PKS 1502+106: a new and distant gamma-ray blazar in outburst discovered by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

2009

Preprint

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The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope discovered a rapid (∼ 5 days duration), high-energy (E > 100 MeV) gamma-ray outburst from a source identified with the blazar PKS 1502+106 (OR 103, S3 1502+10, z=1.839) starting on August 05, 2008 (∼ 23 UTC, MJD 54683.95), and followed by bright and variable flux over the next few months. Results on the gamma-ray localization and identification, as well as spectral and temporal behavior during the first months of the Fermi all-sky survey are reported here in conjunction with a multi-waveband characterization as a result of one of the first Fermi multifrequency campaigns. The campaign included a Swift ToO (followed up by 16-day observations on August 07-22, MJD 54685-54700), VLBA (within the MOJAVE program), Owens Valley (OVRO) 40m, Effelsberg-100m, Metsähovi-14m, RATAN-600 and Kanata-Hiroshima radio/optical observations. Results from the analysis of archival observations by INTEGRAL, XMM-Newton and Spitzer space telescopes are reported for a more complete picture of this new gamma-ray blazar. PKS 1502+106 is a sub-GeV peaked, powerful flat spectrum radio quasar (luminosity at E > 100 MeV, L γ , is about 1.1 × 10 49 erg s −1 , and black hole mass likely close to 10 9 M ⊙ ), exhibiting marked gamma-ray bolometric dominance, in particular during the asymmetric outburst (L γ /L opt ∼ 100, and 5-day averaged flux F E>100 MeV = 2.91 ± 1.4 × 10 −6 ph cm −2 s −1 ), which was characterized by a factor greater than 3 of flux increase in less than 12 hours. The outburst was observed simultaneously from optical to X-ray bands (F 0.3−10 keV = 2.18 +0.15 −0.12 × 10 −12 erg cm −2 s −1 , and hard photon index ∼ 1.5, similar to past values) with a flux increase of less than one order of magnitude with respect to past observations, and was likely controlled by Comptonization of external-jet photons produced in the broad line region (BLR) in the gamma-ray band. No evidence of a possible blue bump signature was observed in the optical-UV continuum spectrum, while some hints for a possible 4-day time-lag with respect to the gamma-ray flare were found. Nonetheless, the properties of PKS 1502+106 and the strict optical/UV, X-and gamma-ray cross correlations suggest the contribution of the synchrotron self Compton (SSC), in-jet, process should dominate from radio to X-rays. This mechanism may also be responsible for the consistent gamma-ray variability observed by the LAT on longer timescales, after the ignition of activity at these energies provided by the BLR-dissipated outburst. Modulations and subsequent minor, rapid flare events were detected, with a

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Section: Simultaneous Multifrequency Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PKS 1502+106: a new and distant gamma-ray blazar in outburst discovered by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

2009

Preprint

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“…On these journeys the men did their utmost to stay out of sight of authorities, 'moving under the radar' . In the Maghreb, migrants, in the words of Bensaad, 'adopt a strategy of imposed invisibilization' (2009: 20, my translation, see also Pian 2009) because of fear of authorities and racially motivated assaults. Upon arriving in Europe, they are pushed into the shadows of society (cf.…”

Section: Displacement Continuedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invisibility in African Displacements

2020

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This PDF is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Licence. Further details regarding permitted usage can be found at http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Print and ebook editions of this work are available to purchase from Zed Books (zedbooks.net). Africa NowAfrica Now is published by Zed Books in association with the internationally respected Nordic Africa Institute. Featuring high-quality, cutting-edge research from leading academics, the series addresses the big issues confronting Africa today. Accessible but in-depth, and wide-ranging in its scope, Africa Now engages with the critical political, economic, sociological and development debates affecting the continent, shedding new light on pressing concerns.

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“…In response, the Moroccan security forces organised the deportation of around 4,000 migrants suspected of having taken part in the assaults across the southern borders of Morocco (Pian 2009a, pp.65-66). These events, which were broadcast in the national and international media, played a huge role in making the issue of immigrants to Morocco more visible (Pian 2009a) and stimulated the expansion of action by civil society to address their concerns. Sub-Saharans started joining forces to demand the recognition of their refugee status and for better regulation of their resident rights in Morocco (Alioua 2009, p.293).…”

Section: Public Visibility and Political Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forging African Communities

Berriane

2018

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Le Maghreb à l'épreuve des migrations subsahariennes

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

PKS 1502+106: a new and distant gamma-ray blazar in outburst discovered by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

PKS 1502+106: a new and distant gamma-ray blazar in outburst discovered by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Invisibility in African Displacements

Forging African Communities

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