Leachate Collection Efficiency of Zero‐tension Pan and Passive Capillary Fiberglass Wick Lysimeters

Zhu, Yupeng; Fox, R. H.; Toth, John D.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2002.3700

Cited by 61 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Zhu, Fox, and Toth (2002) indicated that PPL for this study site ranged from 22 to 25% (for nine lysimeters) under NT for 4 of 5 years. During a much wetter year observed during this previous study, annual PPL was about 50%.…”

Section: Water Drainagementioning

confidence: 84%

“…A detailed description of pan lysimeter construction and installation was provided by Jemison and Fox (1992), and for the wick lysimeter by Zhu, Fox, and Toth (2002). A brief description is provided here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brandi-Dorhn et al (1996) observed between 66 and 80% water collection efficiency using wick lysimeters in a 2-year study. Zhu, Fox, and Toth (2002) observed a water collection efficiency of 101% for wick lysimeters and 40% for pan lysimeters during 4 years of a 5-year study. During the fifth year, coinciding with an exceptionally wet and warm winter, collection efficiencies were much greater for the wick and pan lysimeters, as great as 175% for the wick and 87% for the pan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The much greater PPL (66 to 70%) observed in our study for the pan lysimeters can be explained in the context of the temporal differences between these two studies. While Zhu, Fox, and Toth (2002) were monitoring drainage throughout the year, the current study's timeframe is only 350 h after a single, long irrigation event. As additional smaller precipitation events accrue during an entire year, similar to the natural rainfall events that were observed after 100 h in this study (Figure 1a), these additional small precipitation events do not always coincide with additional drainage in a pan lysimeter.…”

Section: Water Drainagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collection efficiency is determined by estimating percolate volume based on rainfall and estimating or measuring evapotranspiration (Zhu, Fox, and Toth 2002), then dividing leachate volume captured by the lysimeter by the estimate of percolate volume for a specific time period. Consequently, collection efficiency is a function of evapotranspiration, with the potential for greater impact on estimates of downward water movement for longer duration studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Water and Bromide Recovery in Wick and Pan Lysimeters under Conventional and Zero Tillage

Schmidt

Lin

2007

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Quantifying in situ solute transport through soils and the landscape has been widely acknowledged as important and yet challenging. The objective of this study was to evaluate water and bromide movement in no-tilled (NT) and conventionally tilled (CT) corn using two different types of in situ lysimeters-pan and capillary wickfor single rainfall events. Four zero-tension pan and four capillary-wick lysimeters were installed 1.2 m deep on opposite sides of four soil pits. Two were under NT corn, and two were under CT corn. Bromide (Br) was either surface applied or applied with an initial 25 to 27 mm of irrigation (33 to 34 g Br m 2 ). A total of 120 to 147 mm of irrigation was applied continuously at 8.8 mm h 21 . Leachate was collected on 15 min intervals for 24 h and on greater intervals for up to 350 h. Lysimeter discharge and Br concentration were determined for each interval. After drainage began and until rainfall was discontinued, the water drainage rate was, on average, greater in NT (7.2 mm h 21 ) than in CT (5.6 mm h 21 ) based on results from the pan lysimeters. By contrast, the water drainage rate for the wick lysimeters was, on average, greater in CT (7.3 mm h 108This article is a U.S. government work, and is not subject to copyright in the United States.for water flow. Flow-weighted mean Br concentration was less when Br was applied on the soil surface (17.9 mg L 21 ) than when Br was applied with the irrigation water (50.6 mg L 21). Implications from preferential flow studies are often determined based on a single method of evaluation for solute transport, which are likely subject to the limitation of the method used. This study illustrates that contrary to the conventional understanding about preferential flow in NT, water flow and Br transport to the 1.2-m depth was as great as or greater with CT than with NT based on the results from the wick lysimeters for single rainfall events.

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Section: Water Drainagementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Water Drainagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Water and Bromide Recovery in Wick and Pan Lysimeters under Conventional and Zero Tillage

Schmidt

Lin

2007

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Coupled surface‐subsurface hydrologic measurements reveal infiltration, recharge, and discharge dynamics across the swash zone of a sandy beach

Heiss

Puleo

Ullman

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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Swash‐groundwater interactions affect the biogeochemistry of beach aquifers and the transport of solutes and sediment across the beachface. Improved understanding of the complex, coupled dynamics of surface and subsurface flow processes in the swash zone is required to better estimate chemical fluxes to the sea and predict the morphological evolution of beaches. Simultaneous high‐frequency measurements of saturation, water table elevation, and the cross‐shore locations of runup and the boundary between the saturated and unsaturated beachface (surface saturation boundary) were collected on a sandy beach to link groundwater flow dynamics with swash zone forcing. Saturation and lysimeter measurements showed the dynamic response of subsurface saturation to swash events and permitted estimation of infiltration rates. Surface and subsurface observations revealed a decoupling of the surface saturation boundary and the intersection between the water table and the beachface. Surface measurements alone were insufficient to delineate the infiltration and discharge zones, which moved independently of the surface saturation boundary. Results show for the first time the motion and areal extent of infiltration and recharge zones, and constrain the maximum size of the subaerial discharge zone over swash and tidal time scales. The width of the infiltration zone was controlled by swash processes, and subaerial discharge was controlled primarily by tidal processes. These dynamics reveal the tightly coupled nature of surface and subsurface processes over multiple time scales, with implications for sediment transport and fluid and solute fluxes through the hydrologically and biogeochemically active intertidal zone of sandy beaches.

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References

2016

Soil Water Measurement

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Leachate Collection Efficiency of Zero‐tension Pan and Passive Capillary Fiberglass Wick Lysimeters

Cited by 61 publications

References 17 publications

Water and Bromide Recovery in Wick and Pan Lysimeters under Conventional and Zero Tillage

Water and Bromide Recovery in Wick and Pan Lysimeters under Conventional and Zero Tillage

Coupled surface‐subsurface hydrologic measurements reveal infiltration, recharge, and discharge dynamics across the swash zone of a sandy beach

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