Leaching Behavior and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Landfill of Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Western Hunan, China

Abstract

We analyzed the leaching behavior and chemical speciation of heavy metals in a landfill of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR). The results showed that most of Pb, Cr, As, Cu, and Zn were associated with F4 (residual fraction) and Mn and Co were mainly present in F1 (exchangeable and weak acid soluble fraction). In order to evaluate potential risks of heavy metals to the landfill, modified potential ecological risk index (MPER), potential ecological risk index (PER), index of geoaccumulation (I geo ) assessment, and risk assessment code (RAC) were employed. Ranking order for potential risk based on RAC assessment is Mn > Co > Zn > Cu > Cr = As = Pb. Results from I geo assessment indicates that Mn poses a potential for high risk to human health and the ecosystem. MPER, which integrates the characteristics of PER and RAC, shows that the potential risks of heavy metals are in the order of As > Cu > Mn > Co > Pb > Cr > Zn. The analysis indicates that Mn, Co, As, and Cu within EMR pose a potential risk when this material is placed in landfills and that these metals should be given particular attention when managing the land disposal of EMR.

Removal of basic dye (methylene blue) from aqueous solution using zeolite synthesized from electrolytic manganese residue

“…Because EMR contains some heavy metal elements and compounds, the untreated discharge can cause serious pollution of surrounding soil and receiving water bodies [13,14]. In addition, these collection sites occupy massive land resources [14,15]. High volume EMR resulting from large scale industrial activities have long been considered to be a burden, due to the high costs for their associated post-treatment, storage and disposal.…”

“…These collection sites are often not well managed to prevent releases to the soils and surrounding areas. Because EMR contains some heavy metal elements and compounds, the untreated discharge can cause serious pollution of surrounding soil and receiving water bodies [13,14]. In addition, these collection sites occupy massive land resources [14,15].…”

Removal of Ammonium from Aqueous Solutions Using Zeolite Synthesized from Electrolytic Manganese Residue

“…It is foreseen that there is a rise in generation rate of EMR as the grade of manganese ore is decreasing. Nowadays in China, almost all EMR are piled up into nearby landfill sites with no treatment except for a small proportion being used as building material [14,15]. Under the condition of long-term weathering, the pollutants in EMR will gradually migrate and penetrate into the surrounding soil and water, causing environmental pollution problems.…”

Synthesis of Zeolite from Electrolytic Manganese Residue: Investigation on the Variation of the Propert of Zeolite during the Conversion Process

“…At the moment, the reality in China is that nearly all EMRs are being dumped into a close-by landfill untreated after being generated in the plant. With ceaseless migration of pollutants in EMR, severe environmental pollution, such as soil contamination and river or groundwater pollution, is induced as a result [3][4][5]. Moreover, as a result of ever-increasing expense for continuing maintenance and newly established disposal sites, the financial burden for EMM manufacturers to process extensive amount of EMR from large-scale industrial activities becomes a growing one.…”