Leaching Kinetics of Selenium, Tellurium and Silver from Copper Anode Slime by Sulfuric Acid Leaching in the Presence of Manganese(IV) Oxide and Graphite

Kurniawan, Kurniawan; Lee, Jae-chun; Kim, Jong-Hyun; Kim, Rina; Kim, Sookyung

doi:10.3390/iec2m-09233

The 1st International Electronic Conference on Metallurgy and Metals 2021

DOI: 10.3390/iec2m-09233

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Leaching Kinetics of Selenium, Tellurium and Silver from Copper Anode Slime by Sulfuric Acid Leaching in the Presence of Manganese(IV) Oxide and Graphite

Kurniawan Kurniawan

Jae-chun Lee

Jong-Hyun Kim

et al.

Abstract: Sulfuric acid leaching of copper anode slime (CAS) in the presence of manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2) and graphite was investigated for Se, Te and Ag recovery. The study reveals that the leaching of Se, Te and Ag was facilitated by the galvanic interaction with MnO2, and graphite played the role of a catalyst. The leaching process could yield 81.9% Se, 90.8% Te, and 80.7% Ag leaching efficiency when the conditions were maintained as 500 rpm, 2.0 M H2SO4, 0.8/0.8/1 MnO2/graphite/CAS, and 90 °C temperature. The kinet… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Effectiveness of secondary copper electrolytic refining slime decopperization

Vydysh,

Bogatyreva

2024

Izv.VUZ. Tsvet. Met.

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The relevance of replacing the slime–H2SO4–H2O system used for processing slimes from secondary copper electrolytic refining (SCER) with a slime–NH3·H2O–(NH4)2SO4–H2O system has been substantiated. Comprehensive studies of the characteristics of SCER slime samples were conducted. It was found that about 90 % of the copper is distributed between the Cu2O phase and other phases, with a total copper content of 55.12 %. A new phase, Cu4(OH)6SO4, corresponding to the mineral brochantite, was discovered, with a content in the slime of 6.40 %. Silver, with a concentration of 2.43 % in the slime, is present in metallic form at 69.1 %, with the remainder in the form of AgCl. The contents of associated components PbSO4, BaSO4, and SnO2 are 13.52 %, 9.33 %, and 4.73 %, respectively. To substantiate the feasibility of low-temperature hydrometallurgical opening of the slime components and the conditions necessary for its implementation, determined by the specific qualitative and quantitative compositions of the slime, a thermodynamic analysis of the slime–NH3·H2O–(NH4)2SO4–H2O system was performed. This analysis allowed for the discovery and mathematical description of the dependencies of copper leaching indicators on the composition of the ammonia-ammonium mixture (ammonia buffer). A nomogram for the theoretical calculation of the minimum excess NH3·H2O/NH4+ over the stoichiometrically necessary amount required for the complete formation of the copper ammine complex was constructed according to the equilibrium ammonia-ammonium solution's pH and copper concentration. Thermodynamic calculations determined the optimal composition and consumption of ammonia-ammonium solutions, as well as the characteristics of the leach pulp, such as the concentration of [Cu(NH3)4]2+ and the redox potential. Technological studies demonstrated the possibility of effective and selective extraction of copper from SCER slimes at a rate of no less than 99 % in the slime–NH3·H2O–(NH4)2SO4–H2O system, which was confirmed experimentally. Studies of the kinetics of copper leaching from slime in the slime–NH3·H2O–(NH4)2SO4–H2O system were conducted. The activation energy of the ammonia-ammonium copper leaching process from SCER slime (Ea = 5±0.25 kJ/mol) was determined within the temperature range from 15 to 45 °C at a total buffer system concentration [NH3·H2O] + [NH4+] of 1 and 2 mol/L, as well as the order of reaction at a temperature of 24±1 °C, which is 0.24±0.02 and 0.91±0.05 for [NH3·H2O] + [NH4+] concentrations above 1.5 mol/L and below 1.5 mol/L, respectively. A change in the kinetic mode of leaching with the limitation of the reaction rate by adsorption of reagents on the surface of solid particles to diffusion was detected when the total buffer system concentration [NH3·H2O] + [NH4+] was reduced below 1.5 mol/L. The equation for the formal kinetics of the investigated process in the slime–NH3·H2O–(NH4)2SO4–H2O system was determined.

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Effectiveness of secondary copper electrolytic refining slime decopperization

Vydysh,

Bogatyreva

2024

Izv.VUZ. Tsvet. Met.

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Selenium Dissolution from Decopperized Anode Slimes in ClO−/OH− Media

et al. 2022

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About 90% of selenium is obtained from treating copper anode slimes, which are a by-product of copper electrorefining. Selenium has been traditionally obtained by the pyrometallurgic treatment of anode slimes, which has been effective in recovery. However, in pyrometallurgical processes, there are increasingly strict environmental regulations. Hydrometallurgical treatments have been proposed to totally or partially replace conventional methods, some of which are in the developmental stage, while others are being used at the industrial scale. The selenium present in anode slimes is in the form of silver and copper selenides. This article proposes a hydrometallurgy alternative to recover selenium from decopperized anode slimes generated by a copper electrorefining plant in Chile by an alkaline-oxidizing leaching media (ClO−/OH−). The Taguchi experimental design was used to assess the effects of temperature, reagent concentration, and pH over time. The results indicated that the optimal selenium dissolution of 90% was achieved at pH 11.5, 45 °C, and 0.54 M of ClO−. According to the SEM/EDX characterization of the solid leaching residue, the undissolved percentage of selenium is due to the generation of a layer of AgCl around the selenium particles that hinders the effective diffusion of the reagent.

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Leaching Kinetics of Selenium, Tellurium and Silver from Copper Anode Slime by Sulfuric Acid Leaching in the Presence of Manganese(IV) Oxide and Graphite

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Effectiveness of secondary copper electrolytic refining slime decopperization

Effectiveness of secondary copper electrolytic refining slime decopperization

Selenium Dissolution from Decopperized Anode Slimes in ClO−/OH− Media

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