Leaching of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries by using a mixture of ascorbic acid and HNO3

Green Leaching of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes by Ascorbic Acid Modified Guanidine-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

“…In this condition, 97.42% of Li and 96.91% of Co were dissolved in GUC-LAC. The dissolution promotion of LIB by VC was also reported in an aqueous solution and concentrated HNO 3 , but the VC content required in GUC-LAC was much less than that in the formers. A series of concentration gradients were set up to explore the effect of VC on dissolution.…”

A green process for recycling and synthesis of cathode materials LiMn2O4from spent lithium-ion batteries using citric acid

“…7 However, the emission of waste liquid as a major defect appears due to the use of acid/alkali solution and various chemical reagents. In the traditional leaching processes, studies emphasize the treatment of cathode materials in spent LIBs using inorganic acids such as HNO 3 , 8 HCl, 9,10 H 2 SO 4 . 11,12 Although high leaching efficiency could be provided by inorganic acid, a series of problems involving strong corrosion, toxic gas emissions (Cl 2 , SO x and NO x ), and difficult treatment of waste liquid were caused by its excessive use.…”

Porosification and Fe3+ Intercalation of Spent LiCoO2 as an Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalyst

“…The quantity of spent batteries continues to increase with the large-scale use of Li-ion batteries (LIBs), , especially LiCoO 2 batteries with the largest use. − The recovery methods widely used include pyrometallurgy, , hydrometallurgy, − and bio-metallurgy, − which focus on the recovery of metal elements in spent materials. , However, these methods have disadvantages such as high energy consumption, complex process, and easy generation of secondary pollution . More importantly, they ignore the original structure and characteristics of LIBs’ cathode materials, leading to the waste of mineral resources.…”