Leaching of phthalate esters from different drinking stuffs and their subsequent biodegradation

Surhio, Muhammad Ali; Talpur, Farah Naz; Nizamani, Sarwat; Talpur, Marvi Kanwal; Afridi, Hassan Imran; Khaskheli, Abid Ali; Bhurgri, Shazia; Surhio, Junaid Ali

doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9470-y

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this study, we evaluated the effect of DEHP on oocyte maturation and embryo development, and on blastocyst mitochondrial status. There are major reasons to investigate the direct effects of DEHP itself, because of its wide industrial use (Anas, Suzuki, Yoshioka, & Iwamura, ; Heindel, Gulati, Mounce, Russell, & Lamb, ; Lovekamp‐Swan & Davis, ; Surhio et al, ) and its ubiquitous presence in the environment (Domínguez‐Morueco et al, ; Paluselli et al, ; Stoppa et al, ; J. Sun et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are present in commonly used products such as toys, food packaging, medical devices, cosmetics, paints, building materials, pharmaceutical coatings, and electronics (Lyche, ; Zarean et al, ). Given their noncovalent bond to plastic polymers, phthalates rapidly leak into the environment, particularly when exposed to sunlight or heat (De Toni et al, ; Surhio et al, ). Exposure of humans, domestic animals, and wildlife to these compounds is virtually unavoidable and occurs mainly through inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion of contaminated food and water (Lyche, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered morphokinetics in equine embryos from oocytes exposed to DEHP during IVM

Marzano

Mastrorocco

Zianni

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer with endocrine‐disrupting properties. In this study, we used an equine model to investigate DEHP concentrations in ovarian follicular fluid (FF), and to determine the effects of exposure of oocytes to potentially toxic concentrations of DEHP during in vitro maturation (IVM) on embryo development and quality. Embryo development was evaluated using time‐lapse monitoring (TLM), a photomicroscopic tool that reveals abnormalities in cleavage kinetics unobservable by conventional morphology assessment. Blastocyst bioenergetic/oxidative status was assessed by confocal analysis. The possibility that verbascoside (VB), a bioactive polyphenol with antioxidant activity, could counteract DEHP‐induced oocyte oxidative damage, was investigated. DEHP was detected in FF and in IVM media at concentrations up to 60 nM. Culture of oocytes in the presence of 500 nM DEHP delayed second polar body extrusion, reduced duration of the second cell cycle, and increased the percentage of embryos showing abrupt multiple cleavage, compared with controls. Mitochondrial activity and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species were reduced in blastocysts from DEHP‐exposed oocytes. VB addition during IVM limited DEHP‐induced blastocyst damage. In conclusion, DEHP is detectable in equine FF and culture medium, and oocyte exposure to increased concentrations of DEHP during IVM affects preimplantation embryo development. Moreover, TLM, reported for the first time in the horse in this study, is an efficient tool for identifying altered morphokinetic parameters and cleavage abnormalities associated with exposure to toxic compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered morphokinetics in equine embryos from oocytes exposed to DEHP during IVM

Marzano

Mastrorocco

Zianni

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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show abstract

“…Bacterial assays have been used to estimate microbial plasticizer toxicity [50], however it is notable that most bacterial studies involving plasticizers have focused on the biodegradability of plasticizers after leaching from the resin [51,52,53,54,55,56]. In turn, this means that the acute microbial toxicity of plasticizers should not be overly concerning, since the bacteria are able to grow and feed on plasticizers as substrates in the biodegradation studies.…”

Section: Designing Non-toxic Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Green is Your Plasticizer?

et al. 2018

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Plasticizers are additives that are used to impart flexibility to polymer blends and improve their processability. Plasticizers are typically not covalently bound to the polymers, allowing them to leach out over time, which results in human exposure and environmental contamination. Phthalates, in particular, have been the subject of increasing concern due to their established ubiquity in the environment and their suspected negative health effects, including endocrine disrupting and anti-androgenic effects. As there is mounting pressure to find safe replacement compounds, this review addresses the design and experimental elements that should be considered in order for a new or existing plasticizer to be considered green. Specifically, a multi-disciplinary and holistic approach should be taken which includes toxicity testing (both in vitro and in vivo), biodegradation testing (with attention to metabolites), as well as leaching studies. Special consideration should also be given to the design stages of producing a new molecule and the synthetic and scale-up processes should also be optimized. Only by taking a multi-faceted approach can a plasticizer be considered truly green.

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“…DMP is the most leached PAEs in water coolers and mineral waters (7). The DMP content in the solvent or fixative of 47 brands of perfumes is higher than the limit of 0.1 ppm, and micronucleus test has shown that it may cause DNA damage (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP) on Serum Sex Hormone Levels and Apoptosis in C57 Female Mice

Mei¹,

Rongshuang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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Background The effects of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) on the reproductive system of mammal females are unclear because no studies have been conducted on this topic. Methods In this study, 40 C57 female mice were used as experimental subjects and evenly divided into 8 groups, which were fed with mixed DMP (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg bw/day) and corn oil. After 20 days and 40 days of gavage, the mice were weighed and their individual ovary organ coefficients measured. Results Changes were discovered on progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in mouse serum, and on the apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells. Conclusions Prolonged exposure to DMP led to decreased secretion of FSH hormones and increased secretion of E2 and LH hormones. Furthermore, DMP interfered with the pituitary-ovary axis and increased the apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells. Therefore, prolonged exposure to DMP is likely to have negative effects on reproduction and development.

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Leaching of phthalate esters from different drinking stuffs and their subsequent biodegradation

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Altered morphokinetics in equine embryos from oocytes exposed to DEHP during IVM

Altered morphokinetics in equine embryos from oocytes exposed to DEHP during IVM

How Green is Your Plasticizer?

Effects of Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP) on Serum Sex Hormone Levels and Apoptosis in C57 Female Mice

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