Leaching of White Metal in a NaCl-H2SO4 System under Environmental Conditions

Castillo, Jonathan; Sepúlveda, Rossana; Araya, Giselle; Guzmán, Danny; Toro, Norman; Pérez, Kevin; Rodríguez, Marcelo; Navarra, Alessandro

doi:10.3390/min9050319

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Hence, the leaching kinetics of chalcocite in acidic ferric sulfate media has been extensively studied and reported that chalcocite dissolution occurred in two distinct stages (Eqs. 1, 2) (Bolorunduro, 1999;Miki et al, 2011;Castillo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size on chalcocite dissolution kinetics in column leaching under controlled Eh and its implications

Phyo¹,

Jia²,

Tan³

et al. 2020

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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Natural high grade chalcocite samples were leached in column under controlled Eh, constant temperature and solution pH to investigate the effect of particle size on dissolution kinetics. Moreover, low grade ores of larger size fractions were leached in column using raffinate from the industrial heap as an irrigation solution to simulate the real heap conditions. The leaching rate of large particle sizes (31-200 mm) were very slow without inflection point which are normally present in the leaching of small particle sizes (0.054-31 mm). The effect of particle size was more remarkable in the dissolution of large particles than that of small particles during the first stage (<45% dissolution). However, the dissolution rate of the second stages (>45% dissolution) were not noticeably affected by the particle size. Results of kinetics analysis of leaching of small particles using shrinking core model indicated that the first stage was controlled by fluid diffusion and confirmed by the low activation energies (20.98 kJ/mol). The kinetics of second stage was controlled by chemical reaction and product layer diffusion and the later control became prominent with increasing particle size. Similarly, product layer diffusion was the rate-controlling step for the first and second stages of leaching of large particles. X-ray CT and SEM-EDS studies observed the increasing numbers of cracks and porosity and the formation of sulfur layer on the surface of the residue samples. The findings in this study provided some useful implications to optimize the heap performance and understand the leaching behavior of large particles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size on chalcocite dissolution kinetics in column leaching under controlled Eh and its implications

Phyo¹,

Jia²,

Tan³

et al. 2020

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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“…The type of water quality depends on several factors, such as possible interactions of the elements dissolved in water, chemical agents, and equipment material used [41][42][43]. The use of seawater or saline water to leach copper ores concentrates or other products that contain copper is common in hydrometallurgy [41,44]. The positive effect of the saline water use on hydrometallurgical processes is the important reduction in freshwater consumption and the improvement of the process performance (kinetic and copper recovery).…”

Section: Water Scarcitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Oxide Copper Ores by Addition of Weak Acid from Copper Smelters

Araya

Toro

Castillo

et al. 2020

Metals

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In this study, weak acid in the curing and leaching stages of copper ore was incorporated, and we analyzed its effect on the dissolution of copper and final impurities. The weak acid corresponds to a wastewater effluent from sulfuric acid plants produced in the gas treatment of copper smelting processes. This effluent is basically water with high acidity (pH-value low at 1), which contains several toxic elements and some valuable metals. The results indicated that there is no positive or negative effect on the incorporation of the weak acid in the curing stage, while the case of the leaching stage is favored. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) toxicity tests were performed on the solid leaching residues, determining that they accomplish the stability ranges of the impurities (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Ba, Se, As, and Ag).

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“…The excellent results reported with the addition of halides include the use of iodine in leaching copper and gold [45][46][47]. The successful use of chlorinated media has been widely reported with concentrates and other copper sulfide products [14,48,49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching Chalcopyrite with an Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid and Bromide

Rodríguez

Ayala

Robles

et al. 2020

Metals

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The unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs) drive the growing number of novel applications in different industries. The main features of ILs are high thermal stability, recyclability, low flash point, and low vapor pressure. This study investigated pure chalcopyrite dissolution in the presence of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [BMIm]HSO4, and a bromide-like complexing agent. The proposed system was compared with acid leaching in sulfate media with the addition of chloride and bromide ions. The results demonstrated that the use of ionic liquid and bromide ions improved the chalcopyrite leaching performance. The best operational conditions were at a temperature of 90 °C, with an ionic liquid concentration of 20% and 100 g/L of bromide.

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Leaching of White Metal in a NaCl-H2SO4 System under Environmental Conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of particle size on chalcocite dissolution kinetics in column leaching under controlled Eh and its implications

Effect of particle size on chalcocite dissolution kinetics in column leaching under controlled Eh and its implications

Leaching of Oxide Copper Ores by Addition of Weak Acid from Copper Smelters

Leaching Chalcopyrite with an Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid and Bromide

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