Lead and cadmium in teeth, bone and kidneys of rats with a standard Pb‐Cd supply

Wesenberg, Gro Ramsten; Fosse, Gisle; Justesen, N.‐P. Berg; Rasmussen, Per

doi:10.1080/00207237908737397

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus the fossil concentrations registered by us may well have been those in the teeth of the living animals. This possibility is also corroborated by the fact that rats that received drinking water in which Pb and Cd concentrations were 25 and 5/zg/g, respectively, for 3 weeks had about the same concentrations of lead and cadmium in their teeth as those shown for the fossil teeth in Table 1 [12]. The ratio between Pb and Cd given in the drinking water of these rats corresponds to that found in natural sources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…It is known that in life the total amount of lead is reflected in the tooth lead levels because lead is accumulated in bones and teeth [10,12]. The lead concentrations in the fossil teeth seem abnormally high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But then the Zn level, which is lower than normal, should have been higher, as Cd in the natural state is always associated with Zn. So possibly the Cd content of the fossil teeth represents the original concentration when the animals were alive [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rats, which were sacrificed at the age of 15 weeks, had been living on food pellets with an optimum concentration of Zn and Cu, 120 and 20/zg/g, respectively, and very low concentrations of the toxic elements, namely, 1.75/xg/g for lead and 0.3/xg/g for cadmium. Their drinking water was ordinary tap The processes protruding from the tubules have retained the bases of their branches water containing approximately 0.03 /xg/g Zn and 0.3 /xg/g Cu, and the concentrations of Pb and Cd were below the detection limit of the atomic spectrophotometer [12,13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two samples, each consisting of two multituberculate and two therian fossil teeth, were dissolved in 2 N HCI for determination of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, using a Perkin Elmer 370 A atomic absorption spectrophotometer [ 12].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and chemical composition of fossil mammalian teeth

1981

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Sectioned Cretaceous mammalian teeth were studied by light microscopy and SEM equipment with an electron microprobe. Structures resembling odontoblast processes were found. Their S/Fe ratio was similar to that of rat odontoblast processes, but the amounts of these elements were far higher than in processes of recent teeth. It was concluded that they consisted of pyrite, but their reaction with mercurochrome indicated presence of proteins with SH groups. Fluorescence microscopy indicated traces of collagen in the dentin. In the fossil enamel and dentin the Ca/P ratio was similar to that of recent teeth. Two samples of fossil teeth were analyzed for Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The levels of the latter two elements were normal, whereas that of Cd and especially that of Pb were higher than in laboratory rats. The probability that original protein fractions exist and that the different elements were those of the living animals is discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and chemical composition of fossil mammalian teeth

1981

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Ca, Mg and Ca/P Ratio of Rat Molars After Cd Supply

Wesenberg¹,

Fosse²

1981

Trace Element Metabolism in Man and Animals

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Micro-spatial variations of heavy metals in the teeth of walrus as determined by laser ablation ICP-MS: The potential for reconstructing a history of metal exposure

Evans

Richner

Outridge

1995

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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This study explored the possibility of using laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy to measure trace metals and other elements within the annual growth layers of the teeth of walrus harvested from the Canadian Arctic. Using sample ablation "footprints" of 125 microns diameter on transects across the exposed cross-sections of teeth, this technique detected Pb, Cu, Zn and Sr, but not Cd, in tooth cementum. The micro-spatial patterns of elements were consistent among different transects on the same tooth, and revealed subtle differences between animals of different ages. The youngest walrus in the sample (4 yr) contained higher concentrations of Pb and Cu than older animals in the growth layer deposited during the first year of life, while the oldest animal (33 yr) exhibited higher Pb and Zn than younger animals in the outer layer corresponding to the year 1988. The differences between animals and across annual layers may reflect both life history and metal exposure phenomena, including high amounts of metals transferred from mothers to pups in maternal milk. The ability to detect metals in a repeatable fashion within annual growth layers suggests that metal exposure histories accurate to within a year might be re-constructed for the life-times of long-lived animals, and that a series of such individual studies would allow exposure histories covering centuries to be quickly assembled. These data may suggest the most likely explanation for the currently high levels of some metals observed in certain Arctic marine mammals, i.e., natural phenomenon or anthropogenic contamination.

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Lead and cadmium in teeth, bone and kidneys of rats with a standard Pb‐Cd supply

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Microstructure and chemical composition of fossil mammalian teeth

Microstructure and chemical composition of fossil mammalian teeth

Ca, Mg and Ca/P Ratio of Rat Molars After Cd Supply

Micro-spatial variations of heavy metals in the teeth of walrus as determined by laser ablation ICP-MS: The potential for reconstructing a history of metal exposure

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