Lead and sulfur isotope investigation of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks from the southern Midcontinent of the United States; implications for paleohydrology and ore genesis of the Southeast Missouri lead belts

Goldhaber, Martin B.; Church, Stanley E.; Doe, Bruce R.; Aleinikoff, John N.; Brannon, J. C.; Podosek, F. A.; Mosier, E.L.; Taylor, Cliff D.; Gent, Carol A.

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.90.7.1875

Cited by 93 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Ion microprobe studies by Layne et al (1993) have shown that successive generations of galena from the Main stage Pb-Zn ores of the Viburnum Trend show lead isotope patterns consistent with the mixing of at least two separate lead components at or near the site of ore deposition, the more radiogenic of which is probably derived from the underlying Precambrian basement. Studies of lead isotope compositions of Paleozoic host rocks and ores in the southern midcontinent of the US have suggested lead sources in the Lamotte Sandstoneweathered upper basement rocks as welt as a more thorogenic lead source in deeper unweathered igneous basement rocks (Goldhaber et al 1995).…”

Section: Other Geochemical Evidence Of Basinal Fluid Interaction Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur isotope evidence for penetration of MVT fluids into igneous basement rocks, southeast Missouri, USA

et al. 1995

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Abstract. Previous studies of galena and sphalerite fromPaleozoic MVT deposits in the Viburnum Trend, southeast Missouri documented large variations in 634S values throughout the ore-forming event. The present study of Cu-Fe-sulfides reveals a similar 634S variation that reflects two end-member sulfur reservoirs whose relative importance varied both temporally and spatially. More 34S-enriched sulfides (634S approaching 25%0) indicate introduction of sulfur from basinal sedimentary sources, whereas more 32S-enriched sulfides (63~S < 5%0 ) may reflect fluids moving through underlying granitic basement. Two areas containing Precambrian, igneous-hosted FeCu mineralization in southeast Missouri (West and Central Domes of Boss-Bixby) were investigated to elucidate their relationship to Cu-rich MVT orebodies hosted nearby within the overlying Cambrian Bonneterre Dolomite. Mineralization at Boss-Bixby is composed of an early phase of iron oxide deposition followed by Cu-Fe-sulfides. The Central Dome is faulted and its mineralization is more fracture-controlled than the typically podiform ores of the West Dome. The 634S values of West Dome sulfides are 0.9 to 6.5%0 and pyrite-chalcopyrite indicate a temperature of 525~ 50~These data indicate an igneous source of sulfur during Precambrian ore deposition. In contrast, 634S values of Central Dome sulfides are 9.4 to 20.0%0 and pyrite-chalcopyrite indicate temperatures of 275 ~ + 50 ~ Similar 634S values are obtained for chalcopyrite from the overlying MVT deposits. We speculate that deeply circulating, basin-derived MVT fluids mobilized sulfur and copper from the underlying igneous basement and redeposited them in overlying Curich MVT orebodies, as well as overprinting earlier Precambrian sulfides of the Central Dome with a later, Paleozoic MVT sulfur isotope signature. Many models for MVT fluid circulation in the Midcontinent region of North America assume that igneous basement rocks are an impermeable boundary, but in southeast Missouri, evidence exists for structurally controlled MVT fluid movement > 600m vertically through underlying Precambrian igneous rocks. Such basement involvement has been suggested for other carbonate-hosted base-metal districts (e.g. Irish base metal deposits) and should be considered an integral part of the ore-forming process in southeast Missouri. Geological settingSoutheastern Missouri is part of the stable cratonic interior region of North America.

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Section: Other Geochemical Evidence Of Basinal Fluid Interaction Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur isotope evidence for penetration of MVT fluids into igneous basement rocks, southeast Missouri, USA

et al. 1995

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“…Many studies during the last two decades have demonstrated that an understanding of the source of metals, together with the nature and origin of the mineralizing fluids, are of critical importance in the genetic interpretation of such deposits (Hanor 1994;Rantitsch et al 1999;Banks et al 2002). In particular, Pb isotope data have been shown to provide important insights into the provenance of metals and the interaction of hydrothermal fluids with specific rock types (e.g., Goldhaber et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plumbotectonic aspects of polymetallic vein mineralization in Paleozoic sediments and Proterozoic basement of Moravia (Czech Republic)

Slobodník

Jacher-Sliwczynska

Taylor

et al. 2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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A regional isotopic study of Pb and S in hydrothermal galenas and U-Pb and S in potential source rocks was carried out for part of Moravia, Czech Republic. Two major generations of veins, (syn-) Variscan and post-Variscan, are defined based on the Pb-isotope system together with structural constraints (local structures and regional trends). The Pb-isotopic compositions of galena plot in two distinct populations with outliers in 206 Pb/ 204 Pb-207 Pb/ 204 Pb space. Galena from veins hosted in greywackes provides a cluster with the lowest Pb-Pb ratios: 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 18.15-18.27, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.59-15.61, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 38.11-38.23. Those hosted in both limestones and greywackes provide the second cluster: 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 18.37-18.44, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.60-15.63, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 38.14-38.32. These clusters suggest model Pb ages as Early Carboniferous and Triassic-Jurassic, the latter associated with MVT-like deposits. Two samples from veins hosted in Proterozoic rocks lie outside the two clusters: in metagranitoid ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 18.55, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.64, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 38.29) and in orthogneiss ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 18.79, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.73, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 38.54).The results from these two samples suggest an interaction of mineralizing fluids with the radiogenic Pb-rich source (basement?). The values of d 34 S suggest the Paleozoic host rocks (mostly -6.7 to +5.2& CDT) as the source of S for hydrothermal sulfides (mostly -4.8 to +2.5& CDT). U-Pb data and Pb isotope evolutionary curves indicate that Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous sediments, especially siliciclastics, are the general dominant contributor of Pb for galena mineralization developed in sedimentary rocks. Plumbotectonic mixing occurred, it is deduced, only between the lower and the upper crust (the latter involving Proterozoic basement containing heterogeneous radiogenic Pb), without any significant input from the mantle. It is concluded that in the Moravo-Silesian and Rhenohercynian zones (including proximal districts in Poland) lead and sulfur have been mobilized from the adjacent rocks during multiple hydrothermal events in processes that are remarkably comparable in timing, geochemistry of fluids and nature of sources.

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“…Two samples that were collected upstream of the mining areas, NA-5a and NA-5b, plot within the cluster defined by more radiogenic samples collected downstream of the mines (Figure 3). [28,29] of ore samples from the Tri-State, Northern Arkansas, Southeast Missouri, and Central Missouri MVT districts. The numbers inside the symbols indicate the sample ID (the "NA" has been omitted for clarity purposes).…”

Section: Concentration Of Pb Cu Zn and As In The Stream Sediment Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To carry out this objective, the Pb isotope ratios of the analyzed leachates have been compared to available Pb isotope data of galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) ore minerals from the southern Ozark region [28,29]. The Pb isotope compositions of the leachates have also been compared to the Pb isotope ratios of Ozark Plateau and Osage Plains soils [32], which provide an estimate of the local natural baseline value in Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Arkansas.…”

Section: Lead Isotopes and Possible Sources Of Lead In The Stream Sedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is accomplished by measuring the Pb isotope ratios in the above-mentioned stream sediment leachates and comparing the values with available Pb isotope data of (1) ores from the Northern Arkansas, Central and SE Missouri, and the Tri-State mining districts [28,29]; (2) leaded gasoline [30,31]; and, (3) soils in the Osage Plains and Ozark Plateau [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legacy Lead from Past Mining Activity and Gasoline Additives: Evidence from Lead Isotopes and Trace Element Geochemical Studies in the White River Basin, Southern Ozark Region, USA

2018

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Abstract:Lead isotope compositions and Pb, Cu, Zn, and As concentrations in stream sediment leachates in the White River Basin, southern Ozark Region, have been determined to discriminate between natural and anthropogenic sources of Pb and to assess the metal loads that are transported by streams draining the Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Zn-Pb mines in the Northern Arkansas district. The samples that were collected downstream of and closest to the mines have trace element concentrations well above those in soils from Arkansas. The trace element concentrations are lower in samples that were collected upstream of the mines. Most of the analyzed samples have trace metal concentrations above the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Sediment Quality Guidelines Threshold Effects Level. The Pb isotope values of the downstream samples and the MVT ores are similar, suggesting a similar Pb source. The Pb isotope values of the upstream samples are similar to those that were defined by soils from the Ozark Plateau, suggesting that Pb from historic mining does not dominate upstream sediments. However, a linear regression line through the leachate data indicates that mixing between two end-members represented by leaded gasoline and ores could generate the Pb isotope ratios that were noticed in the upstream leachates.

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Lead and sulfur isotope investigation of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks from the southern Midcontinent of the United States; implications for paleohydrology and ore genesis of the Southeast Missouri lead belts

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Sulfur isotope evidence for penetration of MVT fluids into igneous basement rocks, southeast Missouri, USA

Sulfur isotope evidence for penetration of MVT fluids into igneous basement rocks, southeast Missouri, USA

Plumbotectonic aspects of polymetallic vein mineralization in Paleozoic sediments and Proterozoic basement of Moravia (Czech Republic)

Legacy Lead from Past Mining Activity and Gasoline Additives: Evidence from Lead Isotopes and Trace Element Geochemical Studies in the White River Basin, Southern Ozark Region, USA

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