Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transducers for Microelectronic Wirebonding Applications

Kwok, K.F.; Lee, T.; Choy, S. H.; Chan, Helen L. W.

doi:10.5772/9944

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Moreover, the physical properties of KNN-LS-CT (1 wt%) are reported to be temperature insensitive in wide temperature range of 250 C to 200 C [16]. Materials and their corresponding physical properties are listed in Table 1 [15][16][17][18]. The materials properties such as Young's modulus (E), piezoelectric constant (d 31 or e 31 ), dielectric constant (E) and Poison's ratio (t) are important for active vibration control of smart structures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study on epoxy‐based 1–3 piezoelectric composites using finite element method

Kothari

Kumar

et al. 2015

Polymer Composites

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparative study is performed for lead-based and leadfree piezoelectric composites (1)(2)(3) [15]. Epoxy-based composites are modeled using above mentioned ceramic fillers with unidirectional orientation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on epoxy‐based 1–3 piezoelectric composites using finite element method

Kothari

Kumar

et al. 2015

Polymer Composites

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“…Although several promising lead-free piezoceramics have been developed since 2000s, hard PZT piezoceramics still dominate studies on BLTs for highpower ultrasonic applications [9,11,[15][16][17][18][19]. Unfortunately, there were very few studies on the application of BLTs for ultrasonic devices made from eco-friendly lead-free piezoceramics in literature [6,[20][21][22][23][24]. In the relevant rare studies, modified KNN or (Na,Bi)TiO 3 (NBT) based piezoceramics were used for ultrasonic cleaning or ultrasonic wire-bonding applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the relevant rare studies, modified KNN or (Na,Bi)TiO 3 (NBT) based piezoceramics were used for ultrasonic cleaning or ultrasonic wire-bonding applications. However, the piezoceramics in most of those studies [20][21][22]24] may not be the best choices among the candidates for high-power application, except the ones in the study of Tou et al [6]. In most of these studies, the piezoceramics exhibited a low mechanical quality factor (Q m ) between 80 and 140 and a high dielectric loss (tan δ) at about ∼2%, resembling soft type piezoceramics, which are usually not good enough in making BLTs [20][21][22]24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the piezoceramics in most of those studies [20][21][22]24] may not be the best choices among the candidates for high-power application, except the ones in the study of Tou et al [6]. In most of these studies, the piezoceramics exhibited a low mechanical quality factor (Q m ) between 80 and 140 and a high dielectric loss (tan δ) at about ∼2%, resembling soft type piezoceramics, which are usually not good enough in making BLTs [20][21][22]24]. It is known that the widely used leadbased hard piezoceramics, such as PZT4 and PZT8, in most of the high-power ultrasonic applications possess a high Q m (500-1000) and a low tan δ (0.4-0.6%) [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lead-free potassium sodium niobate piezoceramics for high-power ultrasonic cutting application: Modelling and prototyping

Akça

Yılmaz

2019

PAC

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The motivation of this study was design, fabrication and characterization of bolt-clamped Langevin type transducers (BLT) from lead-free K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN) based piezoceramics for high-power ultrasonic cutting applications. Hard and lead-free KNN piezoceramics was obtained by adding K 4 CuNb 8 O 23 (KCN) together with ZnO and SnO 2 . Densification and high-power characteristics of KNN-KCN piezoceramics were enhanced in the presence of ZnO and SnO 2 . BLTs made from hard PZT4 (commercial Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 ) or Zn,Sn co-doped KNN-KCN piezoceramic rings (KNN-KCN-ZnSn) were modelled through ATILA finite element analysis software package. Simulated and experimentally measured impedance spectra, resonance modes and harmonic analysis results of BLTs were compared with each other. Longitudinal vibration displacement at the tip of the horns of BLTs at approximately 30 kHz was measured via photonic sensor device to compare their performances. At the end, based on the simulation and experimental results, a prototype ultrasonic cutting device was fabricated from lead-free KNN-KCN-ZnSn piezoceramic rings. Its cutting action on both plastic and ceramic materials was demonstrated for the first time. In summary, it was found that a hard KNN-KCN based lead-free piezoceramics were good potential replacements for their lead-based counterparts for commercial high-power BLT applications.

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A Comparative Numerical Study on Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Self‐Powered Pacemaker Application

et al. 2017

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The potential application of this energy harvesting has been recognized in the form of the replacement of batteries of the pacemakers. Since the Ni-Cd or Li-ion batteries used for pacemakers have finite life span [15] and hence these require replacement after a certain period. To overcome this drawback, researchers have been exploring methods where an energy harvester could scavenge energy from human body and power the pacemaker.Goto et al. [16] carried out the pioneering work in the field of powering leadless pacemakers. A kinetic watch energy generating system was employed on a dog's heart and 13 µJ of energy per heartbeat was successfully achieved. Tashiro et al. conducted an experiment where pacemaker was powered by harvesting enough energy from the motion of canine heart. [17] However, the design proposed by them is practically impossible to be placed inside the thoracic cavity of the laboratory animal. Recently, Karami and Inman [12] have proposed zig-zag structures to achieve lower frequencies with piezoceramics to power pacemaker implanted in chest. Heart beat acceleration was used in this study for actuating the harvester but the size of harvester is too large to be inserted into intravenous cavity. Zurbuchen et al. recently conducted an in vivo study on pig's heart for 30 min. [18] Their study aimed at demonstration of battery and leadless cardiac pacing by using energy harvesting mechanism derived from Swiss wristwatch. It was shown that the mechanism generated sufficient electrical power (<10 µW) to meet out the demand of a typical modern pacemaker. [19] A number of researchers have carried out research in this field where piezoelectric energy harvester has been employed to power pacemaker. An exhaustive literature review regarding piezoelectric energy harvesting for pacemaker application along with limitations has been presented in Table 1.The size of miniaturized leadless pacemaker should be such that it can be directly placed inside the heart. [25] So, the size of the pacemaker should be compatible with intravenous introduction, that is, its diameter should be around 6 mm. However, most of the designs proposed so far [20][21][22]12] have dimensions more than that of intravenous cavity hence very impractical from pacemaker design point of view. To the best of authors' knowledge, there is hardly any literature available dealing with the design and study of the energy harvesting systems

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Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transducers for Microelectronic Wirebonding Applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

A study on epoxy‐based 1–3 piezoelectric composites using finite element method

A study on epoxy‐based 1–3 piezoelectric composites using finite element method

Lead-free potassium sodium niobate piezoceramics for high-power ultrasonic cutting application: Modelling and prototyping

A Comparative Numerical Study on Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Self‐Powered Pacemaker Application

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