Lead in bone II: Skeletal‐lead content as an indicator of lifetime lead ingestion and the social correlates in an archaeological population

Aufderheide, Arthur C.; Neiman, Fraser; Wittmers, Lorentz E.; Rapp, George

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330550304

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lead concentrations in the bone constantly increase with age in both sexes. The analysis of lead in bone specimens can be used to monitor lead contamination in human beings [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] . In this paper, we intended to evaluate the total amount of lead exposure and accumulation in populations using human bones excavated at archeological sites, however, a confounding problem is that bones are exposed to post-mortem absorption of lead in the ground [29][30][31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle‐Determined Gender and Hierarchical Differences in the Lead Contamination of Bones from a Feudal Town of the Edo Period

Nakashima¹,

Matsuno

Matsushita³

2007

Journal of Occupational Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lifestyle-Determined Gender and Hierarchical Differences in the Lead Contamination of Bones from a Feudal Town of the Edo Period: Tamiji NAKASHIMA, et al. Department of Anatomy, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan-We analyzed lead concentrations in bones from both genders of Japanese merchants (including rohnin; masterless samurai) and farmer classes, and compared the findings with those of the samurai class in the Edo period (1603-1867) to clarify gender and hierarchical (or occupational) differences in lead exposure during the Japanese feudal age. Merchant class females had significantly higher lead exposure (90.8 µg Pb/g dry bone; n=20) than males of the same class (39.9 µg Pb/g dry bone; n=31) (p<0.01), indicating a remarkable gender difference in the urban population. In contrast to these high concentrations, males and females of the farmer class living in agricultural (or semi-rural) areas had significantly lower exposure (total mean value; 9.2 µg Pb/g dry bone; n=4) than both genders of the merchant class (p<0.001), and the gender difference was not significant in this class. (J Occup Health 2007; 49: 134-139)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle‐Determined Gender and Hierarchical Differences in the Lead Contamination of Bones from a Feudal Town of the Edo Period

Nakashima¹,

Matsuno

Matsushita³

2007

Journal of Occupational Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other sites with relevant skeletal data include Colonial ironworker slaves at College Landing, Maryland (Kelly and Angel, 1983), Colonial whites in Virginia (Kelly and Angel, 1981), and 19th-century free blacks at College Landing, Virginia (Hudgins, 1977). Aufderheide et al (1981Aufderheide et al ( , 1985 found considerable variation in lead content from skeletal analysis of these samples and at Clift's Plantation in Virginia and suggest an economic and occupational explanation. Relatively high lead burdens and gender differentials for developmental stress and timing of periods of ill health for small samples of white elite and black slaves at an 18th-century South Carolina plantation have been evaluated in relation to socioeconomic status effects on health (Rathbun and Scurry, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Health and disease at a South Carolina plantation: 1840–1870

Rathbun

1987

American J Phys Anthropol

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The analysis of 36 human skeletons (eight subadults, 13 males, 15 females) recovered during a cemetery relocation near Charleston, SC, provides data on health and disease for a 19th-century sample of Afro-Americans. The majority of the burials date from 1840-1870. Skeletal analysis verified some historical interpretations. Gender differential in mortality is evident with average age at death for males 35 and females 40 years. Females, besides living longer, had more missing and carious teeth but fewer abscesses. Both genders expressed childhood metabolic stress as indicated by linear enamel hypoplasias. Males, however, had a higher incidence (92%) than did females (70%). Age at occurrence was more widely distributed for females, but ages 2-4 were most critical for both genders. Postcranial indications of recovery from acute stress, Harris lines, occurred more frequently for males (45%) than for females (18%). Anemia, probably both genetic and acquired, was a significant health problem for both genders. Cribra orbitalia appeared in 35% of the adult crania, and 80% of the subadults had orbital lesions. Diplotic expansion of the cranial vault and infection were relatively common in the sample. Skeletal reaction to infections appeared in 69% of the males, 60% of the females, and 80% of the subadults. Skeletal changes associated with demanding physical labor were ubiquitous. The shoulder and hip were especially affected by degenerative changes, the cervical vertebrae frequently expressed osteophytosis, and males show a preponderance of Schmorl herniations and hypertrophy of the ulnar supinator crest. Skeletal trace elements indicate a relatively high exposure to lead, strontium concentrations indicative of a diet high in plant foods, and relatively low zinc and copper concentrations.

show abstract

“…As previously noted, most of the lead which contaminates air, soil, and water is derived from industrial activities. Except for results obtained in individuals of the Roman Empire, only a few samples from the preindustrial era may have high bone lead values (Aufderheide et al, 1981), but these results are usually explained in relation to preparation or storage of food in leaden containers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bone lead in the prehistoric population of Gran Canaria

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study determined the lead concentration in bone tissue from 40 prehistoric individuals of Gran Canaria, and in a sample of 19 modern day residents of the Canary Islands. Higher bone lead values were observed in the modern sample (18.65 ± 12.13 μg/g dry bone tissue) than in the ancient sample (4.41 ± 3.45 μg/g dry bone tissue, P < 0.001). Older individuals showed higher bone lead values than younger individuals, but only in the modern group. The correlation between age and bone lead approached statistical significance (P = 0.058). Low bone lead observed in the prehistoric sample suggests a low lead exposure in prehispanic times in Gran Canaria. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:405–410, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Lead in bone II: Skeletal‐lead content as an indicator of lifetime lead ingestion and the social correlates in an archaeological population

Cited by 55 publications

References 13 publications

Lifestyle‐Determined Gender and Hierarchical Differences in the Lead Contamination of Bones from a Feudal Town of the Edo Period

Lifestyle‐Determined Gender and Hierarchical Differences in the Lead Contamination of Bones from a Feudal Town of the Edo Period

Health and disease at a South Carolina plantation: 1840–1870

Bone lead in the prehistoric population of Gran Canaria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About