Lead Poisoning in a Sample of Maryland Mourning Doves

Locke, Louis N.; Bagley, George E.

doi:10.2307/3798133

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These criteria were based on the data available from a variety of avian species [45]. These criteria are more protective than those proposed by Locke and Bagley [46], which would not confer protection in view of more recent data (reviewed by Pain et al [45]) and a reexamination of data presented by the authors themselves [46,47].…”

Section: Lead Concentrations In Liver Associated With Direct Ingestiomentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ecological Risk Assessment of Lead Shot Exposure in Non-Waterfowl Avian Species: Upland Game Birds and Raptors

Kendall¹,

Lacher²,

Bunck³

et al. 1996

Environ Toxicol Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-There is increasing concern that birds in terrestrial ecosystems may be exposed to spent lead shot. Evidence exists that upland birds, particularly mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), ingest spent lead shot and that raptors ingest lead shot by consuming wounded game. Mortality, neurological dysfunction, immune suppression, and reproductive impairment are documented effects of exposure to lead in birds. An ecological risk assessment on the impact of lead shot exposure in upland birds was conducted and is presented in the context of the new United States Environmental Protection Agency's Ecological Risk Assessment Paradigm. A considerable amount of spent lead shot is released into the environment each year from shooting and hunting. Doves collected from fields that are cultivated to attract mourning doves for hunting activities show evidence of ingestion of spent lead shot. Because lead can cause both acute and chronic toxicity if ingested by birds, and because there is evidence of widespread deposition of lead shot in terrestrial ecosystems, concern for impacts on upland game birds and raptors seems warranted. Although this ecological risk assessment does not clearly define a significant risk of lead shot exposure to upland game birds, this issue merits continued scrutiny to protect our upland game bird and raptor resources.

show abstract

Section: Lead Concentrations In Liver Associated With Direct Ingestiomentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ecological Risk Assessment of Lead Shot Exposure in Non-Waterfowl Avian Species: Upland Game Birds and Raptors

Kendall¹,

Lacher²,

Bunck³

et al. 1996

Environ Toxicol Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies of hunter‐harvested doves have reported birds with ingested lead shot comprise from 1% to 6.5% of the sampled mourning dove population. Locke and Bagley (1967) examined 62 hunter‐harvested doves and reported 1–3 shot in 4 (6.4%) of them. Lewis and Legler (1968) collected 1,949 hunter‐harvested doves, 23 (1.2%) of which contained 1–24 ingested lead shot.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead shot ingestion by mourning doves on a disked field

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous field studies of hunter‐harvested mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) have reported the percentage of birds with ingested lead shot as 0.2–6.5%. To reduce the uncertainty concerning the number of doves that ingest shot, we conducted an experiment to test the proportion of mourning doves that ingested lead shot on the bare soil of a disked field (typical of a managed dove field) to simulate more natural feeding conditions. In each of 3 treatment groups of 80 birds, we exposed 35 birds to low‐density lead shot (1.5 million shot/ha), and35 birds to high‐density lead shot (29.5 million shot/ha), and 10 birds served as controls (no shot). We dosed 5 positive control birds with 2 lead shot each in trials 2 and 3. We scattered lead shot and mixed seed on the loosely packed soil of treatment cages and after 4 days of exposure, 2.9% of doves voluntarily ingested ≥1 lead shot. The proportion of birds that ingested shot when exposed to the high‐density shot treatment (4.9%) was not different (P = 0.098) from that of the low‐density shot treatment (1.0%). Lead concentrations in liver, kidneys, and blood reached maxima of 94.402 ppm, 346.033 ppm, and 13.883 ppm wet mass, respectively. Differences in delta‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, packed cell volume, and heterophil:lymphocyte ratio (H:L) were greater posttreatment in doves that had ingested shot than in those that did not. The risk posed to mourning doves from lead shot ingestion can be reduced by banning lead shot on management areas or dove fields or disking fields after hunting season to reduce shot availability. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.

show abstract

“…Our estimates of prevalence rates of ingested lead shot from both study sites were greater than for mourning doves collected in the United States, including Tennessee (1.2%; Lewis and Legler ), Indiana (2.5%; Castrale ), New Mexico (0.2%; Best et al ), Missouri (0.3%; Schulz et al ), or Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina combined (2.4%; Kendall and Scanlon ). Locke and Bagley () found 6.5% of mourning doves had ingested lead shot, but only 62 birds were collected. Mourning doves are highly susceptible to the acute effects of lead poisoning, which makes them unavailable for harvest; this may contribute to the relatively low prevalence of ingested lead shot in hunter‐harvested mourning doves (Kendall et al , Schulz et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spent lead shot availability and ingestion by ring‐necked pheasants in South Dakota

Runia¹,

Solem²

2016

Wildl. Soc. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lead is toxic to all vertebrate species and ingestion of lead ammunition has been reported in >130 avian species. Research has primarily focused on the effects and exposure of spent lead shot on waterfowl with little information about effects on upland game species, such as ring‐necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). We collected 1,450 soil samples to estimate the availability of lead shot on 2 licensed shooting preserves in South Dakota, USA, 2012–2013. We concurrently collected gizzards from 660 hunter‐harvested wild male pheasants from the shooting preserves and compared lead ingestion rates with those of 1,301 gizzards collected from nonpreserve areas. Spatial modeling showed the distribution of spent lead shot was associated with the systematic hunting pattern of each study site and, to a lesser extent, land‐use type. Prevalence of ingested lead shot was 4.9 times greater for birds harvested on shooting preserves (3.9%, 95% CI = 2.7–5.7%) when compared with nonpreserve areas (0.8%, 95% CI = 0.4–1.4%) where lead shot availability was presumed less. Wild pheasants inhabiting areas of artificially high hunting intensity and lead deposition are at elevated risk of lead exposure and poisoning, although the consequences of lead ingestion in wild pheasants are unknown. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.

show abstract

Lead Poisoning in a Sample of Maryland Mourning Doves

Cited by 55 publications

References 3 publications

An Ecological Risk Assessment of Lead Shot Exposure in Non-Waterfowl Avian Species: Upland Game Birds and Raptors

An Ecological Risk Assessment of Lead Shot Exposure in Non-Waterfowl Avian Species: Upland Game Birds and Raptors

Lead shot ingestion by mourning doves on a disked field

Spent lead shot availability and ingestion by ring‐necked pheasants in South Dakota

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About