Lead Pollution of Floodplain Soils in a Historic Mining Area—Age, Distribution and Binding Forms

Hürkamp, Kerstin; Raab, Thomas; Völkel, Jörg

doi:10.1007/s11270-008-9948-9

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The increase was interpreted as a result of continual pollution in the recent decades. A similar situation was observed by Hürkamp et al (2009a) -the highest values in the topsoil -or by Ciszewski et al (2012) -vertically diversified values, which were partially caused by different profile environments (stream channel, floodplain, fish pond). Vertical differences were also found in the studies of Ciszewski (2003), or of Lecce and Pawlowsky (2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted rivers - range and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic)

Horák¹,

Hejcman²

2016

Soil & Water Res.

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Horák J., Hejcman M. (2016): Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted riversrange and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic). Soil & Water Res., 11: 235−243.The study brings new insights into the topic of the contamination characteristics of the mining region of Kutná Hora (Central Bohemia). The previous meta-analysis of the contamination studies showed that there could be a surprisingly low spatial range of contaminated river sediment downstream of Kutná Hora. The study should answer the question as to whether it is justifiable to interpret the presence of contaminants as a result of Kutná Hora mining. There was found a rapid increase in concentrations between the background area and contaminated Kutná Hora. Increase of medians (in mg/kg) of As: 33 and 148, Cu: 34 and 57, Pb: 35 and 82, Zn: 85 and 232; means increased ca 10 times. Then a decrease between the contaminated area and the confluence area was observed. But this decrease was influenced by the presence of extreme values in the contaminated area and therefore it was observed only in means. Medians of the elements concentrations did not decrease. The concentrations of the elements decreased after the confluence to lower values, but they stayed at the contaminated area levels. The background levels were observed only in the probes related to Labe alluvium. But also in these probes, the contamination was traced by multivariate analyses -by clear separation of As, Cu, Pb, Zn from other elements. The contamination was manifested in probes after the confluence mainly in the topsoil levels of alluvium, ca. in 10 to 40 cm. The original starting point of this study, that the contamination is not firmly manifested in the areas after the confluence, based on meta-analysis of regional studies, is not valid.Keywords: 3D analysis; magnetic susceptibility; pollutant distribution; river sediments; spatial analysis; trace elements Many studies concern rivers and their alluvia as an important environment for both transport and the storage of metal contaminants (e.g. Macklin & Klimek 1992;Brewer & Taylor 1997;Miller 1997;Bird et al. 2005;Raab et al. 2005;Ettler et al. 2006;Knox 2006;Hilscherová et al. 2007;Taylor & Owens 2009;Martin 2015). The storage can be long term (Tylecote 1987;Grattan et al. 2007). Floodplain storage can be changed into a contamination source, e.g. by its erosion (Gäbler & Schneider 2000;Coulthard & Macklin 2003; Craddock & Lang 2003;Förstner et al. 2004;Hürkamp et al. 2009a). Some studies focus on contamination distribution in both horizontal and vertical dimension, but they are few (e.g. Park & Vlek 2002;Dennis et al. 2009;Hürkamp et al. 2009b). The region of Kutná Hora was a significant centre of mining and smelting (especially from the 13 th to the 16 th century -see Kořan 1950;Bartoš 2004) and therefore it is strongly contaminated, mainly by As, Cu, Pb, and Zn. These contaminants can be divided into subgroups of As, of Cd, and of Cu, Pb and Zn ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Floodplain storage can be changed into a contamination source, e.g. by its erosion (Gäbler & Schneider 2000;Coulthard & Macklin 2003;Craddock & Lang 2003;Förstner et al 2004;Hürkamp et al 2009a). Some studies focus on contamination distribution in both horizontal and vertical dimension, but they are few (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted rivers - range and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic)

Horák¹,

Hejcman²

2016

Soil & Water Res.

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“…According to XRD analysis (Table 3), smelting wastes contain mainly the primary Zn minerals, e.g., sulfates and carbonates (Cabala and Teper 2007;Teper 2009;Cabala et al 2009). The superficial organic soil horizon O in profile 3 is repeatedly eluted into the sedimentary soil horizon which can be easily enriched mainly with the finest dust particles or through the precipitation of dissolved metals in the groundwater table fluctuation zone as described by Hürkamp et al (2009). As seen in Fig.…”

Section: Mineralogical Transformation Of Metal Pollution In the Studimentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical position of Pb, Zn and Cd in soils near the Olkusz mine/smelter, South Poland: effects of land use, type of contamination and distance from pollution source

Chrastný

Vaněk

Teper

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The soils adjacent to an area of historical mining, ore processing and smelting activities reflects the historical background and a mixing of recent contamination sources. The main anthropogenic sources of metals can be connected with historical and recent mine wastes, direct atmospheric deposition from mining and smelting processes and dust particles originating from open tailings ponds. Contaminated agriculture and forest soil samples with mining and smelting related pollutants were collected at different distances from the source of emission in the Pb-Zn-Ag mining area near Olkusz, Upper Silesia to (a) compare the chemical speciation of metals in agriculture and forest soils situated at the same distance from the point source of pollution (paired sampling design), (b) to evaluate the relationship between the distance from the polluter and the retention of the metals in the soil, (c) to describe mineralogy transformation of anthropogenic soil particles in the soils, and (d) to assess the effect of deposited fly ash vs. dumped mining/smelting waste on the mobility and bioavailability of metals in the soil. Forest soils are much more affected with smelting processes than agriculture soils. However, agriculture soils suffer from the downward metal migration more than the forest soils. The maximum concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd were detected in a forest soil profile near the smelter and reached about 25 g kg(- 1), 20 g kg(- 1) and 200 mg kg(- 1) for Pb, Zn and Cd, respectively. The metal pollutants from smelting processes are less stable under slightly alkaline soil pH then acidic due to the metal carbonates precipitation. Metal mobility ranges in the studied forest soils are as follows: Pb > Zn ≈ Cd for relatively circum-neutral soil pH (near the smelter), Cd > Zn > Pb for acidic soils (further from the smelter). Under relatively comparable pH conditions, the main soil properties influencing metal migration are total organic carbon and cation exchange capacity. The mobilization of Pb, Zn and Cd in soils depends on the persistence of the metal-containing particles in the atmosphere; the longer the time, the more abundant the stable forms. The dumped mining/smelting waste is less risk of easily mobilizable metal forms, however, downward metal migration especially due to the periodical leaching of the waste was observed.

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“…where mining began about 1000 Y BP, is another area of early historical mining in Germany (Hürkamp et al, 2009). Typically, mining released large quantities of trace metals to the environment that were subsequently conveyed downstream and stored in floodplains.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, mining released large quantities of trace metals to the environment that were subsequently conveyed downstream and stored in floodplains. Today, they provide an archive of past mining activity and the resultant metal contamination (Hürkamp et al, 2009). Vertical trends in trace metals, which have been used to document movement of metal-contaminated sediments through drainage basins, permit assessment of the potential for near-channel floodplain sediments to serve as future sources of downstream contamination (Gocht et al, 2001;Middelkoop, 2002;Vallius, 2014;Lecce and Pavlowsky, 2014).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace metal storage in recent floodplain sediments along the Dill River, central Germany

Martin

2015

Geomorphology

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Lead Pollution of Floodplain Soils in a Historic Mining Area—Age, Distribution and Binding Forms

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted rivers - range and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic)

Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted rivers - range and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic)

Geochemical position of Pb, Zn and Cd in soils near the Olkusz mine/smelter, South Poland: effects of land use, type of contamination and distance from pollution source

Trace metal storage in recent floodplain sediments along the Dill River, central Germany

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