Lead sorption from aqueous solutions by kaolinite: laboratory experiments

Abstract

The lead has adverse effects in contamination the aquatic environment, for this reason, a laboratory simulation was conducted using kaolinite collected from the Ga’ara Formation at western Iraq to be considered as a natural sorbent material that can be addressed Pb2+ from the aqueous environments. The Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy clarifying very fine grains and pure phase with a very little quantity of quartz and has a number of active sites for adsorption. The sorption of kaolinite for the Pb2+ has been carefully tested by several designed laboratory experiments. Five lead solutions of different concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 ppm) were tested under different values of pH (1.3-9). The best sorption has been recorded at pH 9, with an equilibrium reaction time 40 m and the solid-liquid ration 1.25 gm:50 ml. The sorption reaction is endothermic with two main mechanisms were identified, the rapid ion exchange which gets at the beginning of the reaction during the first 10 m, and ion exchange, which gets slow later due to form ionic complexes

An Investigation for Heavy Metals’ Contamination in Farmers’ Fingernails: Case Study in Libya

“…Human exposure to heavy metal at low levels could cause poisoning and diseases, while accidental exposure at a high level could cause serious e ect immediately [7]. Among the most studied and poisonous heavy metals are arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) [8][9][10][11]. ese heavy metals are extremely toxic even at low concentration level [8,12].…”