“…In order to lessen the environmental impact, dye removal or degradation from wastewater has been extensively explored. Different dyes have been effectively treated using a variety of physical, chemical, and biological techniques, including adsorption [4], ozonation [5,6], Fenton [7,8], photocatalysis [9,10], reductive degradation [11,12], microbial processes [3,13], and two or more combination techniques. However, these treatments also face other drawbacks in the treatment of experimental dye wastewater, such as a sluggish reaction rate to decolorize effluents, complicated chemistry, and metal ion sludge [14].…”