Leaders' Emotional Intelligence and Safety Citizenship Role Definitions and Behavior: The Mediating Effect of Self -Efficacy and Resilience

Abstract

Background: Acts to protect the safety of others, attempting to prevent the development of accidents, and proactively seeking to improve organizational safety procedures and general workplace safety conditions were all examples of safety citizenship behavior. Aim: To examine the relation between leaders' emotional intelligence (EI), leaders' and nurses' safety citizenship role definitions and behavior, self-efficacy (SE), and resilience at Zagazig University Hospitals. Design: A descriptive correlational design was used for this study. Sample: A convenience sample of all available head nurses ( 200), in addition to a systematic random sample of 400 staff nurses. Tools of data collection: Head nurses questionnaire: composed of three parts; personal and job characteristics of head nurses, leaders' EI scale, and leaders' safety citizenship role definitions and behavior scale. As well, staff nurses' questionnaire: composed of four parts; personal and job characteristics of staff nurses, safety citizenship role definitions and behavior scale, general SE scale, and resiliency scale. Results: Leaders' EI was significantly and positively correlated to leaders' safety citizenship role definitions and behavior, staff nurses' safety citizenship role definitions and behavior, SE, and resilience P< 0.001. Conclusion: Self-efficacy was a partial mediator in the relation between leaders` EI and safety citizenship role definitions and behavior from both leaders and nurses. While, resilience was a full mediator in the relation between leaders' EI and safety citizenship role definitions and behavior from both the studied leaders and staff nurses. Recommendations: To provide a training program for both staff nurses and nurse managers about safety citizenship role definitions and behavior and encourage them to apply it, to improve their organization's safety performance.