“…Björkdahl (2013, p. 207) has defined it “…as a prism through which to view and understand peacebuilding processes localized in the city space and describe whereby the urban conditions the construction, maintenance, or resistance to peace.” In that sense, Urban peacebuilding is fundamentally different from national peace processes. The city is the scene of social processes that offer an opportunity to implement practical local collaborations, coexistence, and tolerance—not just solutions entailing territorial division or establishing sovereignty (Avni et al, 2021; Brenner et al, 2022; Shtern & Yacobi, 2019). Simultaneously, the city, which generates frequent meetings between groups and includes sacred spaces for rival groups, is also a scene for frequent outbursts of conflict, inequality problems, and national or international external interventions (Rokem et al, 2018).…”