Leaf Biophysics

doi:10.1017/9781108686457.002

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1,631 publications

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“…All aerial organs of angiosperms, including leaves, can be covered with trichomes, external appendices that range from a few μm to several cm and provide a protective barrier toward abiotic and biotic stressors (Figure A). − Trichomes consist of one or more epidermal cells growing on top of the leaf epidermis and are generally independent from the plant’s vascular system . Several types of trichomes exist, but they are typically divided into glandular and nonglandular .…”

Section: Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…C 16 acids are typically present in large amounts in every plant species, while the specific substitution pattern and relative contribution of C 18 acids varies. In some plants, cutin contains small amounts of glycerol. ,, Overall, the amount of cutin ranges from a few μg cm –2 to up to 1 mg cm –2 , corresponding to 40–80% of the total cuticle’s mass. , …”

Section: Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaves of almost all vascular plants share a similar microscopic structure consisting of an external layer of cells, the epidermis, that encloses the mesophyll, the inner leaf region (Figure ). − Stomata, pores that allow gas exchange between the atmosphere and the mesophyll, are also located within the epidermis, either on one or both sides of the leaf depending on the species. The entire epidermis, including eventual surface structures, is covered by a thin waxy layer (0.03 to 30 μm) , called the cuticle.…”

Section: Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Chemical Landscape of Leaf Surfaces and Its Interaction with the Atmosphere

Ossola,

Farmer

2024

Chem. Rev.

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Atmospheric chemists have historically treated leaves as inert surfaces that merely emit volatile hydrocarbons. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that leaves are ubiquitous substrates for multiphase reactions−implying the presence of chemicals on their surfaces. This Review provides an overview of the chemistry and reactivity of the leaf surface's "chemical landscape", the dynamic ensemble of compounds covering plant leaves. We classified chemicals as endogenous (originating from the plant and its biome) or exogenous (delivered from the environment), highlighting the biological, geographical, and meteorological factors driving their contributions. Based on available data, we predicted ≫2 μg cm −2 of organics on a typical leaf, leading to a global estimate of ≫3 Tg for multiphase reactions. Our work also highlighted three major knowledge gaps: (i) the overlooked role of ambient water in enabling the leaching of endogenous substances and mediating aqueous chemistry; (ii) the importance of phyllosphere biofilms in shaping leaf surface chemistry and reactivity; (iii) the paucity of studies on the multiphase reactivity of atmospheric oxidants with leaf-adsorbed chemicals. Although biased toward available data, we hope this Review will spark a renewed interest in the leaf surface's chemical landscape and encourage multidisciplinary collaborations to move the field forward. CONTENTS

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Section: Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Leaf Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Chemical Landscape of Leaf Surfaces and Its Interaction with the Atmosphere

Ossola,

Farmer

2024

Chem. Rev.

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“…Three traits determine canopy-light interactions: leaf optical properties (LOP), leaf angle distribution (LAD), and leaf area index (LAI) (Asner, 1998;Xiao et al, 2014). While LAI is connected to variation in biomass, the other two describe canopy structure, with LOP representing biochemical leaf composition and structure (Jacquemoud et al, 2019), and LAD representing architectural plant characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does leaf functional diversity affect the light environment in forest canopies? An in-silico biodiversity experiment

Plekhanova

Niklaus

Gastellu-Etchegorry

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Global change is affecting biodiversity, with consequences on carbon, water, and energy fluxes between the atmosphere, vegetation, and soil. The interaction of shortwave radiation with vegetation drives basic processes of the biosphere, such as primary productivity or species interactions through light competition. In our study, we aim to understand the effects of biodiversity on canopy light absorption. We focus on the diversity of three key functional traits that influence the light-canopy interaction: leaf area index, leaf angle distribution and leaf optical properties. Our study is based on the in-silico combination of process-based modelling of radiation (3D radiative transfer model DART) with the well-established design of biodiversity experiments. We used this novel method to study the effects of leaf functional diversity on a light proxy for productivity (the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR)) and net radiation (shortwave albedo). We found that diverse canopies had lower albedo and higher FAPAR than the average of the corresponding monoculture values. In mixtures, FAPAR was unequally re-distributed between trees with distinct leaf traits and the net biodiversity effect on absorptance was greater when combining plant functional types with more distinct traits. Our results support the mechanistic understanding of overyielding effects in functionally diverse canopies and may partially explain some of the growth-promoting mechanisms in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiments. They can further help to account for biodiversity effects in dynamic vegetation and climate models.We would like to present this study in the BG3.22 session, because it 1) contributes to the understanding of fundamental ecosystem functions related to light interaction 2) describes a novel in-silico combination of process-based modelling of radiation with the well-established design of biodiversity experiments.

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Leaf Biophysics

Cited by 2 publications

References 1,631 publications

The Chemical Landscape of Leaf Surfaces and Its Interaction with the Atmosphere

The Chemical Landscape of Leaf Surfaces and Its Interaction with the Atmosphere

How does leaf functional diversity affect the light environment in forest canopies? An in-silico biodiversity experiment

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