Leaf Demography and Growth Rates of Espeletia barclayana Cuatrec. (Compositae), a Caulescent Rosette in a Colombian Paramo

Cavelier, Jaime; Machado, Jose‐Luis; Valencia, Diana; Montoya, J.F Martínez; Laignelet, Andres; Hurtado, A. Pérez; Varela, A.; Mejía, Carlos A Isaza

doi:10.2307/2388473

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, a high growth rate is very important for very small plants because individuals that grow quickly and/or retain old leaves on their stems (necromass) are more likely to survive cold and drought, as observed in other Espeletia (Smith, 1979(Smith, , 1981Goldstein et al, 1985;Monasterio, 1986;Mora-Osejo and Sturm, 1994). Consequently, growth rate decreased with increasing plant size because once nutrients are no longer intensively used in vegetative growth they could be relocated to the construction of reproductive structures (e.g., Cavalier et al, 1992), such as shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Mortality and Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most Espeletia biology is known from observations made in Venezuelan dry Páramos (i.e., < 1000 mm of mean annual rainfall), a region holding only 20 % of the total known area of the Páramos. Almost all Espeletia species studied thus far are slowgrowing plants (e.g., 1 -2 cm/year and maturation at 20 years for Espeletia spicata), strongly self-incompatible and reproduce primarily through seed production (Smith, 1981;Berry and Calvo, 1989;Estrada and Monasterio, 1991;Cavalier et al, 1992). Bumblebees and hummingbirds are major pollinators of Espeletia, although some species inhabiting Páramos above 4000 m have adapted to wind pollination Calvo, 1989, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Growth Rates, Reproductive Phenology, and Pollination Ecology of Espeletia grandiflora (Asteraceae), a Giant Andean Caulescent Rosette

Fagua¹,

González²

2007

Plant Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From March 2001 to December 2002, we studied the reproductive phenology, pollination ecology, and growth rates of Espeletia grandiflora Humb. and Bonpl. (Asteraceae), a giant caulescent rosette from the Páramos of the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Espeletia grandiflora was found to be predominantly allogamous and strongly self-incompatible. Bumblebees (Bombus rubicundus and B. funebris) were the major pollinators of E. grandiflora, although moths, hummingbirds, flies, and beetles also visited flowers. Inflorescence development began in March and continued through August to September. Plants flowered for 30 - 96 days with a peak from the beginning of October through November. The percentage of flowering plants strongly differed among size classes and between both years. Seed dispersal occurred as early as September through May of the following year. The average absolute growth rate for juveniles and adults rate was 7.6 cm/year. Given the scarcity of floral visitors at high altitudes due to climatic conditions, we suggest that even small contributions from a wide range of pollinators might be advantageous for pollination of E. grandiflora. Long-term studies on different populations of E. grandiflora are required to determine if the high growth rates are representative, to quantify the variation in the flowering behavior within and among populations, and to establish if nocturnal pollination is a trait that is exclusive to our population of E. grandiflora.

show abstract

Section: Mortality and Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Rates, Reproductive Phenology, and Pollination Ecology of Espeletia grandiflora (Asteraceae), a Giant Andean Caulescent Rosette

Fagua¹,

González²

2007

Plant Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A pesar que la supervivencia de las plantas jóvenes reubicadas es mayor a la encontrada en condiciones naturales, el aumento del porcentaje de supervivencia conforme aumenta el tamaño de los individuos se mantiene, lo cual es consistente con lo encontrado para la población estudiada por Fagua & González (2007) en E. grandiflora y por Smith (1981), Monasterio & Lamotte (1987), Estrada & Monasterio (1988), Monasterio & Lamotte (1989), Cavelier et al (1992) y Silva et al (2000) para otras especies del género. La menor mortalidad de los plantas reubicadas frente a las plantas en condiciones naturales puede deberse a la disminución de los efectos negativos de la densidad poblacional, como la presentada por E. schultzii en los páramos de Venezuela (Llambí et al 2004), ya que al ser reubicados a distancias equidistantes puede llegar a disminuir los efectos de la densodependencia y competencia intra-específica; así mismo, el haber eliminado temporalmente la matriz de pastos exóticos pudo disminuir la competencia inter-específica generada por otras especies dominantes y aumentar la probabilidad de supervivencia.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…El crecimiento de todos los individuos durante los 24 meses de estudio fue suficiente para considerarlos en la categoría de tamaño siguiente; no obstante, las plantas del género Espeletia son consideradas como de lento crecimiento (Estrada & Monasterio 1991, Cavelier et al 1992. La tasa de crecimiento relativo de los individuos reubicados, tanto en altura como en diámetro del tallo, es menor conforme aumenta el tamaño de la planta (Cuadro 3, Fig.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Reubicación de plantas de <i>Espeletia grandiflora</i> (Asteraceae) como estrategia para el enriquecimiento de áreas de páramo alteradas (PNN Chingaza, Colombia)

Rojas-Zamora

Insuasty-Torres

Cárdenas

et al. 2013

RBT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reubicación de plantas deAbstract: Relocation of Espeletia grandiflora (Asteraceae) plants as a strategy for enrichment of disturbed paramo areas (PNN Chingaza, Colombia). Ecological restoration of the Andean paramos faces several ecological barriers mainly at the phase of dispersal and establishment of native species. With the aim to contribute to the enrichment of degraded areas, different strategies have to be developed to overcome those barriers. In this work we studied the response of individuals of Espeletia grandiflora (Asteraceae) to the relocation as a strategy for ecological restoration programs. We also evaluated the effect of size of relocated individuals on their survival and development. The work was carried out in an experimental plot at 3 424m altitude in the sector "Lagunas de Siecha" of Chingaza National Park, Colombia. We relocated 200 plants that belonged to three different size classes: 5, 10 and 15cm of initial height. The following variables were registered: survival, plant height, number of living leaves and stem diameter of each individual. We also evaluated the differences between individuals in survival and development. In terms of survival the most efficient size classes corresponded to 15cm high; the survival was 85% after two years. The relative growth rates for height and stem diameter decreases with the increase in size, but the absolute increase in height did not show significant differences between the three sizes tested. Since the stem diameter was found the strongest survival predictor after two years of relocation activities, we suggest its use as a criterion for selection of relocation individuals. The relocation of individuals of E. grandiflora had a positive side effect, carrying other species that may contribute to the enrichment and restoration of degraded areas. Among these, we found species of the genus Hypericum, as well as Arcytophyllum nitidum and Calamagrostis effusa, which should be evaluated in terms of survival and development for the subsequent implementation of the relocation strategy. In this study we verified the successful relocation of individuals of E. grandiflora as a strategy for enrichment of paramos, and provided values of survival and growth, which should be useful for planning and predicting with greater certainty the success of restoration programs in the paramo.

show abstract

“…There are many studies involving the ecology of leaves, some focusing on leaf longevity and carbon gain (Bentley, 1979;Chabot and Hicks, 1982;Harper, 1989;Mulkey et al, 1991;Reich et al, 1992;Coley et al, 1993;Mulkey et al, 1993;Walker and Aplet, 1994;Kikuzawa, 1995;Kitajima et al, 1997;Freiberg and Freiberg, 1999;Kursar and Coley, 1999), others dealing with leaf dynamics (Jurik and Chabot, 1986;Escudero and Del Arco, 1987;Costa and Seeliger, 1988a,b;Hegarty, 1990;Costa et al, 1991;Cavelier et al, 1992;Clark et al, 1992;Lowman, 1992;Aide, 1993;Telenius, 1993;Diemer, 1998;Carvalho et al, 1999;Santos, 2000;Williams-Linera, 2000), and still others accessing questions related to allometry and leaf size (Parkhurst and Louks, 1972;Richards, 1976;Dolph and Dilcher, 1980;Kohyama, 1987;Kohyama and Hotta, 1990;Sterk and Bonges, 1998;Becker et al, 1999;Valladares et al, 2002). Yet, in tropical forests, studies of leaf dynamics of herbaceous plants are few (Mulkey et al, 1991;Sharpe, 1993;Horvitz and Schemske, 1995;Bruna and Kress, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar growth of Eriocnema fulva Naudin (Melastomataceae) in a forest fragment in southeastern Brazil

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eriocnema fulva Naudin is an endangered herbaceous, perennial, iteroparous, evergreen species geographically restricted to southeastern-center Minas Gerais State, SE Brazil. The individuals occur as patches on rocky riverbanks shaded by seasonal semideciduous Atlantic forest; they are fixed by roots and have a pending stem. Aiming to investigate leaf development and its importance for individual survival, fifteen contiguous plots (1 x 1 m) were set down in Jambreiro Forest (19° 58'-59' S and 43° 52'-55' W, 800-1100 m altitude), in the municipality of Nova Lima. A total of 260 individuals with the largest leaf blade length ≥ 1 cm was tagged and measured in 1997, 1998, and 1999. Leaf expansion was recorded each month during 26 months until April 2000. Plant size was measured through leaf blade length, petiole length, stem length, and number of leaves. Significant changes were detected only after two years, thus indicating that plant growth is slow. The proportion of surviving leaves after two years was 60%. Total blade expansion took over 14 months, a slow growth rate when compared to leaves of other tropical forest canopy and understory species. Long leaf lifespans are to be found in plants exhibiting slow growth, and we observed that some leaves lived longer than three years. Petiole growth can help to better position the leaf in the search for light, thus contributing to the growth and survival of the plant. The relationships among size measures were significant, reinforcing the great contribution of leaf size for plant size. The age of the largest individual was estimated as 36 years based on the median annual leaf production rate.Keywords: leaf growth, leaf lifespan, herbaceous plant, size, age.Crescimento foliar de Eriocnema fulva Naudin (Melastomataceae) em um fragmento florestal no Brasil sudeste ResumoEriocnema fulva é uma espécie herbácea, perene, iteropárica, com distribuição geográfica restrita ao centro-sudeste do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, e ameaçada de extinção. Os indivíduos ocorrem agrupados em paredões rochosos, na beira de riachos sombreados pela Mata Atlântica estacional semidecídua e têm caule que pendem do barranco. Com o objetivo de investigar o desenvolvimento da folha e sua importância para a sobrevivência dos indivíduos, foram instaladas 15 parcelas contíguas de 1 x 1 m na Mata do Jambreiro (19° 58'-59'S, 43° 52'-55' W, 800-1100 m de altitude), município de Nova Lima. Todos os indivíduos cuja maior folha tivesse comprimento do limbo maior ou igual a 1 cm foram marcados, sendo medidos em 1997, 1998 e 1999. O tempo de expansão da folha foi registrado mensalmente durante 26 meses até abril de 2000. Na área amostrada foram marcados 260 indivíduos cujo limbo foliar tinha comprimento ≥ 1cm. O tamanho das plantas, medido através do comprimento do limbo e do pecíolo e do número de folhas, apresentou mudanças significativas somente após dois anos, indicando que o crescimento é lento. A proporção das folhas sobreviventes após dois anos foi de 60%. O tempo necessário para a expansão da ...

show abstract

Leaf Demography and Growth Rates of Espeletia barclayana Cuatrec. (Compositae), a Caulescent Rosette in a Colombian Paramo

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Growth Rates, Reproductive Phenology, and Pollination Ecology of Espeletia grandiflora (Asteraceae), a Giant Andean Caulescent Rosette

Growth Rates, Reproductive Phenology, and Pollination Ecology of Espeletia grandiflora (Asteraceae), a Giant Andean Caulescent Rosette

Reubicación de plantas de <i>Espeletia grandiflora</i> (Asteraceae) como estrategia para el enriquecimiento de áreas de páramo alteradas (PNN Chingaza, Colombia)

Foliar growth of Eriocnema fulva Naudin (Melastomataceae) in a forest fragment in southeastern Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About