Leaf glucosinolate profiles and their relationship to pest and disease resistance in oilseed rape

Mithen, Richard

doi:10.1007/bf00023913

Cited by 150 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Jürges (1982) who did a comparable research on winter rapeseed cultivars before flowering measured leaf concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 15.5 lmol/g D.M. According to Clossais-Besnard and Larher (1991), the concentration of glucosinolates in dry seeds is about five to ten times higher as in stems and leaves; however, this is not always the case (Mithen 2004). Therefore manipulation of 0 and 00 lines with low and high seed glucosinolate content independently from the leaf glucosinolates (Mithen 2004) is rather challenging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Clossais-Besnard and Larher (1991), the concentration of glucosinolates in dry seeds is about five to ten times higher as in stems and leaves; however, this is not always the case (Mithen 2004). Therefore manipulation of 0 and 00 lines with low and high seed glucosinolate content independently from the leaf glucosinolates (Mithen 2004) is rather challenging. The distribution of the glucosinolates varies depending on plant part, with both quantitative and qualitative differences among leaves, stems and seeds (Velasco et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic variation in leaf and stem glucosinolates in resynthesized lines of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Cleemput

Becker

2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Glucosinolates are secondary components characteristic for the Brassicaceae with complex biological functions. Glucosinolates in the seeds are anti-nutritive when feeding animals and their inheritance have been extensively investigated. Much less is known about the genetics of glucosinolates in leaves and stems, which may attract some insects, while repelling others. They may also inhibit bacterial processes of importance when using green biomass for the production of biogas. The objective of this study was to analyse the genetic variation of total and individual glucosinolates in the green material of rapeseed. For this 28 resynthesized winter rapeseed lines were tested at two locations. There was a large variation in leaf glucosinolate content between 0.10 and 4.75 lmol/g dry matter. The predominant leaf glucosinolates are the alkenyle glucosinolates progoitrin, gluconapin and glucobrassicanapin. The line R53 is exceptional, while combining a relative high content of the indole glucosinolate glucobrassicin with low alkenyle glucosinolates in the leaves. The total glucosinolate concentration in the stems and leaves is not correlated with the seed glucosinolate concentrations. Heritabilities are above h 2 = 0.60 for progoitrin, h 2 = 0.65 for gluconapin, h 2 = 0.30 for glucobrassicanapin and h 2 = 0.52 for total glucosinolate content in the leaves. In conclusion, resynthesized rapeseed is an important genetic resource to modify the leaf glucosinolate content and composition of rapeseed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in leaf and stem glucosinolates in resynthesized lines of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Cleemput

Becker

2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…This would result in the reduction in the total level of aliphatic glucosinolates. As leaf auphatic glucosinolates have an important role in deterring non-specific herbivores (Mithen, 1993), it is desirous to reduce aliphatic glucosinolates only in seeds. This could be achieved by driving the antisense gene with a pod-specific promotor, the pod being the site of biosynthesis of seed aliphatic glucosinolates .…”

Section: Ch-s-[ch2j-chnh Co2hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of aliphatic glucosinolates. I. Side chain elongation in Brassica napus and Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 1994

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Aliphatic glucosinolates are thioglucosides synthesized by genera within the Capparales including Arabidopsis and Brassica. They have been shown to mediate pest or pathogen interactions and to reduce the feeding quality of rapeseed meal. Their biological activity is largely dependent upon the structure of the side chain which determines the nature of hydrolysis products produced following tissue damage. A generalized model of the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates is proposed and tested with reference to the genetic regulation of side chain length by analysing recombinant populations of B. napus and A. thaliana developed from parental lines which varied in their glucosinolate content. The results of the B. napus studies were consistent with a model in which alleles at a single locus (Gsl-pro) regulate the presence or absence of propyl glucosinolates, and those at two other loci (Gsl-elong-C and Gsl-elong-A) (which map onto a pair of homoeologous linkage groups, one from the C genome and one from the A genome) regulate side chain elongation of the amino acid derivative which results in the production of butyl and pentyl glucosinolates. As null alleles do not occur at the Gsl-elong-A locus, the proportion of propyl glucosinolates is limited to below 30 per cent of total aliphatic glucosinolates. Alleles at a single locus in A. thaliana (GsIelong-Ar), which maps 1.3 cM from the RFLP locus m291 on chromosome 5, regulate side chain elongation of aliphatic glucosinolates in this species. It is suggested that the Gsl-elong-Ar gene is homologous to the Gsl-elong-A and Gsl-elong-C genes and, if cloned, could be used to downregulate the endogenous Gsl-eiong genes in B. napus.

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“…Following cellular disruption, glucosinolates undergo hydrolysis to produce an array of products dependent upon the nature of the side chain. Alkenyl glucosinolates, which are the predominant glucosinolates in the leaves and seeds of oilseed rape, produce isothiocyanates which determine the palatability of the leaves of oilseed rape to vertebrate pests such as pigeons and rabbits (Mithen, 1992), and the palatability of rapeseed meal to livestock, if the alkenyl glucosinolates possess a /3-hydroxyl group, the isothiocyanates spontaneously cyclize to produce oxazolidine-2-thiones ( Fig. 1) which are goitrogenic when ingested by livestock (Fenwick et at., 1983;Poulton & Møller, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the prevention of hydroxylation of alkenyl glucosinolates may also result in a decrease in the palatability of leaf tissue to pests due to the concomitant rise in butenyl glucosinolate (Mithen, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetics of aliphatic glucosinolates. II. Hydroxylation of alkenyl glucosinolates in Brassica napus

et al. 1994

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The genetic regulation of hydroxylation of butenyl and pentenyl glucosinolates in Brassica napus is investigated by studying the segregation of the degree of hydroxylation in seeds and leaves of recombinant lines derived from crosses between oilseed rape cultivars and synthetic B. napus lines.It is shown that two loci regulate hydroxylation in both leaves and seeds. Alleles at a locus on linkage group 13 (Gsl-oh-C) have a major effect while alleles at a homoeologous locus on group 3 (Gsl-oh-A ) have a minor effect. The implication of these results for developing improved cultivars of oilseed rape is discussed.

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Leaf glucosinolate profiles and their relationship to pest and disease resistance in oilseed rape

Cited by 150 publications

References 29 publications

Genetic variation in leaf and stem glucosinolates in resynthesized lines of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Genetic variation in leaf and stem glucosinolates in resynthesized lines of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Genetics of aliphatic glucosinolates. I. Side chain elongation in Brassica napus and Arabidopsis thaliana

Genetics of aliphatic glucosinolates. II. Hydroxylation of alkenyl glucosinolates in Brassica napus

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