Leaf lipid degradation in soils and surface sediments: A litterbag experiment

Tu, Thanh Thuy Nguyen; Egasse, Céline; Anquetil, Christelle; Zanetti, Florent; Zeller, Bernd; Huon, Sylvain; Derenne, Sylvie

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2016.12.001

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…At a first glance, this confirmed previous observations for n-alkanes (Sachse et al, 2009). This can indicate a progressive wax degradation (Nguyen-Tu et al, 2007) that is likely coupled to an overall reduction in wax biosynthesis as reported by Sachse et al (2015) for oak trees. It corroborated the on-going leaf senescence evidenced by a decline in SPAD-derived chlorophyll content (Supplementary Figure 2), and N concentration (Figure 2B).…”

Section: Intra-seasonal Trends Of Leaf Properties Over the Late Growi...supporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, there is still little evidence for such renewal of important wax components such as long-chain FA and nalkanes of broadleaf tree leaves during the growing season (Lockheart et al, 1997;Sachse et al, 2009). Additionally, the relationship between leaf wax cycling and the environment remains complex as leaf wax abundance and composition vary with leaf ontogeny (Nguyen-Tu et al, 2007), time of leaf wax synthesis (Sachse et al, 2009), and among plant species (Dodd and Poveda, 2003). In addition, leaf waxes vary within an individual tree depending on canopy position (Bahamonde et al, 2018;Vega et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late-season biosynthesis of leaf fatty acids and n-alkanes of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica) tree traced via13CO2 pulse-chase labelling and compound-specific isotope analysis

Speckert

Petibon²,

Wiesenberg³

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Leaf cuticular waxes play an important role in reducing evapotranspiration via diffusion. However, the ability of mature trees to regulate the biosynthesis of waxes to changing conditions (e.g., drought, light exposition) remain an open question, especially during the late growing season. This holds also true for one of the most widely distributed trees in Central Europe, the European beech tree (Fagus sylvatica L.). In order to investigate the ongoing formation of wax constituents like alkanes and fatty acids, we conducted a 13CO2 pulse-chase labelling experiment on sun-exposed and shaded branches of a mature beech tree during the late summer 2018. The 13C-label was traced via compound-specific δ13C isotope analysis of n-alkanes and fatty acids to determine the de-novo biosynthesis within these compound classes. We did not observe a significant change in lipid concentrations during the late growing season, but we found higher n-alkane concentrations in sun-exposed compared to shaded leaves in August and September. The n-alkane and fatty acid composition showed ongoing modifications during the late growing season. Together with the uptake and following subsequent decrease of the 13C-label, this suggests ongoing de-novo biosynthesis, especially of fatty acids in European beech leaves. Moreover, there is a high variability in the 13C-label among individual branches and between sun-exposed and shaded leaves. At the same time, sun-exposed leaves invest more of the assimilated C into secondary metabolites such as lipids than shaded leaves. This indicates that the investigated mature beech tree could adjust its lipid production and composition in order to acclimate to changes in microclimates within the tree crown and during the investigated period.

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Section: Intra-seasonal Trends Of Leaf Properties Over the Late Growi...supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-season biosynthesis of leaf fatty acids and n-alkanes of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica) tree traced via13CO2 pulse-chase labelling and compound-specific isotope analysis

Speckert

Petibon²,

Wiesenberg³

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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From plant to soil: Quantitative changes in pine and juniper extractive compounds at different transformation stages

et al. 2022

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Purpose The transformation of extractable plant compounds after their incorporation into soil was qualitatively and quantitatively studied in two forests under Juniperus communis L. and Pinus sylvestris L. Methods Leaf, litter and soil samples were taken from representative pine and juniper forests in central Spain. The lipid fraction was extracted with dichloromethane, while methanol was used for polar compounds, which were then derivatized (silylation-oximation). Extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. van Krevelen’s graphical-statistical method, enhanced as surface density maps, was used to study changes in molecular assemblages during their transformation from plant to soil. Shannon Wiener diversity indices were also determined for the main groups of molecules to quantify the progressive removal or the appearance of new compounds throughout the transformation. Results In the lipid fraction up to 126 compounds were identified, mainly alkanes (C10–C30 in pine forest and C10–C36 in juniper forest), fatty acids and cyclic compounds. In the polar extracts, up to 22 compounds were found, mainly sugars, polyols, cyclic acids and fatty acids. Conclusion Comparing the successive stages of evolution of leaf extractive compounds, alkanoic acids and disaccharides tend to accumulate in the soil. On the other hand, the greatest molecular complexity was found in the intermediate stage (litter), and attributed to the coexistence of biogenic compounds with their transformation products, while the molecular complexity was simpler in soil extracts. This preliminary investigation could be extended to specific studies on the factors that determine the quality of soil organic matter under different environmental scenarios.

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Turnover of non-polymeric leaf lipids in a loamy grassland soil

Warren

Butler

2023

Plant Soil

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Background Leaves constitute a large input of lipids to soil, yet comparatively little is known about the fate of leaf lipids in soil. Our aim was to explore the initial stages of degradation of leaf lipids, both the loss of intact lipid and subsequent mineralisation. We focussed on intracellular lipids – triacylglycerols implicated in storage, membrane lipids such as phospholipids and galactolipids, and pigments – because they collectively constitute more than 1% of leaf mass. Methods A mixture of U-13C lipids was extracted from leaves of wheat grown with 13CO2. The lipid mixture included the range of plant lipids soluble in organic solvent (e.g. free fatty acids, acylglycerols, pigments) but not polymeric lipids such as cutin and suberin. Mineralisation was deduced from 13CO2 efflux, while LC–MS examined degradation of intact 13C lipids. Results There was no delay before lipids were mineralised. Instead, mineralisation was significant within minutes and reached a maximum within three hours. There was rapid loss (i.e. degradation) of a broad range of intact lipids including phospholipids, galactolipids, pigments (chlorophylls), and triacylglycerols. Around two-thirds of added lipid-C was respired over the course of 15 days, with one-third of lipid-C persisting in soil. Conclusions Our study indicates that non-polymeric leaf lipids degrade quickly in soil, yet a fraction of lipid-C likely persisted in degradation products and/or microbial biomass. Persistence of lipid-C probably also reflected the presence of lipids that are more resistant to degradation (e.g. phaeophytins), and a fraction of added lipid being protected (e.g. by interaction with clays). Graphical abstract

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Leaf lipid degradation in soils and surface sediments: A litterbag experiment

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Late-season biosynthesis of leaf fatty acids and n-alkanes of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica) tree traced via13CO2 pulse-chase labelling and compound-specific isotope analysis

Late-season biosynthesis of leaf fatty acids and n-alkanes of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica) tree traced via13CO2 pulse-chase labelling and compound-specific isotope analysis

From plant to soil: Quantitative changes in pine and juniper extractive compounds at different transformation stages

Turnover of non-polymeric leaf lipids in a loamy grassland soil

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