Leaf photosynthetic properties and biomass accumulation of selected western Canadian spring wheat cultivars

Chytyk, Cody John; Hucl, P.; Gray, Gordon R.

doi:10.4141/cjps09163

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Among the Australian summer wheat cultivars tested, Kukri and Gladius showed a relatively constant photosynthetic rate at increased temperatures, while Drysdale and RAC875 showed a significant decline. Natural variation in photosynthetic and transpiration rates are known to exist within crop species [40][41][42][43]. These variations have not shown a consistent correlation between photosynthetic rate during anthesis and grain yield or biomass when wheat cultivars were compared [40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compared to Australian Cultivars, European Summer Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Overreacts When Moderate Heat Stress Is Applied at the Pollen Development Stage

et al. 2018

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Heat stress frequently imposes a strong negative impact on vegetative and reproductive development of plants leading to severe yield losses. Wheat, a major temperate crop, is more prone to suffer from increased temperatures than most other major crops. With heat waves becoming more intense and frequent, as a consequence of global warming, a decrease in wheat yield is highly expected. Here, we examined the impact of a short-term (48 h) heat stress on wheat imposed during reproduction at the pollen mitosis stage both, at the physiological and molecular level. We analyzed two sets of summer wheat germplasms from Australia (Kukri, Drysdale, Gladius, and RAC875) and Europe (Epos, Cornetto, Granny, and Chamsin). Heat stress strongly affected gas exchange parameters leading to reduced photosynthetic and transpiration rates in the European cultivars. These effects were less pronounced in Australian cultivars. Pollen viability was also reduced in all European cultivars. At the transcriptional level, the largest group of heat shock factor genes (type A HSFs), which trigger molecular responses as a result of environmental stimuli, showed small variations in gene expression levels in Australian wheat cultivars. In contrast, HSFs in European cultivars, including Epos and Granny, were strongly downregulated and partly even silenced, while the high-yielding variety Chamsin displayed a strong upregulation of type A HSFs. In conclusion, Australian cultivars are well adapted to moderate heat stress compared to European summer wheat. The latter strongly react after heat stress application by downregulating photosynthesis and transpiration rates as well as differentially regulating HSFs gene expression pattern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compared to Australian Cultivars, European Summer Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Overreacts When Moderate Heat Stress Is Applied at the Pollen Development Stage

et al. 2018

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“…When rice seedlings are chilled, the superstructure of chloroplasts is altered and the electron transfer activity is decreased (Guo-Li and Zhen-Fei 2005). Additionally, the combination of low temperature and high light results in an imbalance between the light energy absorbed through photochemistry versus the energy utilized through metabolism (Hüner et al 1998), inducing photodamage (Jeong et al 2002;Chytyk et al 2011). The experiments described here were conducted under conditions of low temperature (10°C) and low light (40 μMol m −2 s −1 , avoiding excessive photo-oxidative stress).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and physiological characterization of two sister lines ofindicarice (Oryza sativaL.) with contrasting levels of cold tolerance

et al. 2016

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Exposure to low temperature during germination and vegetative growth is a limiting factor to the establishment and development of rice seedlings. Higher cold tolerance of japonica than indica subspecies is well documented. However, reports of cold tolerance in indica genotypes are rare. We screened a large number of indica rice genotypes for cold tolerance during germination and initial vegetative growth. The indica genotypes IRGA 959-1-2-2F-4-1-4-A and IRGA 959-1-2-2F-4-1-4-D-1-CA-1, derived from the same cross, were characterized, respectively, as tolerant and sensitive to low temperature. Indexes of photosynthetic performance during light absorption were heavily affected by cold in both genotypes, but recovered after cold exposure only in the tolerant genotype. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT (at the vegetative stage) and CAT and APX (at the germination stage) were higher in the tolerant than in the sensitive genotype. Expression of 20 genes previously related to cold response in rice was evaluated. Expression of OsLIP9 and OsWCOR413 were higher in the tolerant genotype upon or prior to cold exposure, respectively. The two sister lines show different molecular and physiological responses to low temperature stress. Further in-depth studies with these lines may help to identify new cold tolerance mechanisms in rice.Key words: abiotic stress, antioxidant enzymes, cold, gene expression, indica rice, JIP-test.Résumé : L'exposition à basse température pendant la germination et la croissance végétative est un facteur limitant à l'établissement et le développement des plantules de riz. La tolérance supérieure au froid observée en japonica par rapport à sous-espèces indica c'est bien documentée. Cependant, les rapports de la tolérance adéquate au froid dans les génotypes de indica sont encore rares. Cette étude a examiné plusieurs génotypes de indica en relation à leurs tolérances au froid pendant la germination et la croissance végétative initiale. Corresponding author: Janette P. Fett (email: jpfett@cbiot.ufrgs.br).*These authors contributed equally to this work.Abbreviations: ABS/RC, energy flux absorption per reaction center; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; CAT, catalase; DI 0 /RC, energy dissipation per reaction center; ET0/ABS, quantum yield of electron transport from QA − to the intersystem electron acceptors; ET0/CS, flow of electron transport per CS at t = 0; ET 0 /RC, electron transport flux per reaction center; ET 0 /TR 0 , probability that a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond QA − , at t = 0; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; PIABS, performance index (potential) for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII to the reduction of intersystem electron acceptors; PIABS,total, performance index (potential) for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII to the reduction of PSI end acceptors; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactant substances; TR0/CS, flow of energy captured by CS at t = 0; TR0...

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“…An undervalued and currently unexploited opportunity to increase yield, not mutually exclusive of genetic engineering approaches, is the extensive natural variation in photosynthetic capacity in different C 3 crops (Rawson et al , ; Blum, ; Watanabe et al , ; Fischer et al , ; Hervé et al , ; Pettigrew, ; Flood et al , ; Gu et al , ; Lawson et al , ; Driever et al , ; Gaju et al , ; Carmo‐Silva et al , ; Qu et al , ; Pater et al , ; Faralli et al , ). A number of studies have explored natural variation in photosynthesis in commercial wheat varieties (often relative to the year of release) (Fischer et al , , ; Blum, ; Watanabe et al , ; Reynolds et al , ; Xue et al , ; Chytyk et al , ; Sadras et al , ), and demonstrated a correlation between photosynthesis and yield (e.g. Blum, ; Fischer et al , ), although, such a relationship often depended on growth conditions (Xue et al , ), or when measurements were taken during the growing season (Reynolds et al , ), while others reported no relationship (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural genetic variation in photosynthesis: an untapped resource to increase crop yield potential?

Faralli

Lawson

2019

The Plant Journal

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Raising crop yield potential is a major goal to ensure food security for the growing global population. Photosynthesis is the primary determinant of crop productivity and any gain in photosynthetic CO 2 assimilation per unit of leaf area (A) has the potential to increase yield. Significant intraspecific variation in A is known to exist in various autotrophic organs that represent an unexploited target for crop improvement. However, the large number of factors that influence photosynthetic rates often makes it difficult to measure or estimate A under dynamic field conditions (i.e. fluctuating light intensities or temperatures). This complexity often results in photosynthetic capacity, rather than realized photosynthetic rates being used to assess natural variation in photosynthesis. Here we review the work on natural variation in A, the different factors determining A and their interaction in yield formation. A series of drawbacks and perspectives are presented for the most common analyses generally used to estimate A. The different yield components and their determination based on different photosynthetic organs are discussed with a major focus on potential exploitation of various traits for crop improvement. To conclude, an example of different possibilities to increase yield in wheat through enhancing A is illustrated. -Greenhouse conditions Ouyang et al. (2017) Rice 0.15-0.31 0.05-0.21 Pot experiment

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Leaf photosynthetic properties and biomass accumulation of selected western Canadian spring wheat cultivars

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Compared to Australian Cultivars, European Summer Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Overreacts When Moderate Heat Stress Is Applied at the Pollen Development Stage

Compared to Australian Cultivars, European Summer Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Overreacts When Moderate Heat Stress Is Applied at the Pollen Development Stage

Identification and physiological characterization of two sister lines ofindicarice (Oryza sativaL.) with contrasting levels of cold tolerance

Natural genetic variation in photosynthesis: an untapped resource to increase crop yield potential?

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