Leafhopper feeding behaviour on three grapevine cultivars with different susceptibilities to Flavescence dorée

Ripamonti, Matteo; Maron, Federico; Cornara, Daniele; Marzachı̀, Cristina; Fereres, Alberto; Bosco, Domenico

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104366

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Resistance/tolerance to FDp may result not only from a direct plant response against the phytoplasma, but also against the vector, as low numbers of visiting insect vectors, with less efficient feeding in the phloem, may explain the low incidence of this phloem‐limited pathogen in some grapevine varieties. Identification of the genetic traits underlining antibiosis, as shown in this work, and antixenosis (‘modification of herbivore behavior by plant factors, which results in the inability of a plant to serve as a host’ (Kogan & Ortman, 1978; Kordan et al, 2019), as shown in Ripamonti et al (2022), should be included in programmes of breeding for resistance or New Genomic Techniques applications (European Commission, 2021) against this major grapevine pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In this case, antibiosis, ‘the adverse effects of a resistant plant on the survival, development, or fecundity of an arthropod’ (Smith & Clement, 2012), may explain the lower suitability of the FD‐tolerant varieties Moscato and Brachetto compared with the susceptible Barbera for S. titanus . Indeed, a different probing behaviour on the three grapevine varieties has been demonstrated (Ripamonti et al, 2022), clearly indicating that Barbera, very susceptible host of FDp, is also a much‐liked host for the vector, while, among the FD‐tolerant varieties, Moscato is definitively a non‐preferred host. Resistance/tolerance to FDp may result not only from a direct plant response against the phytoplasma, but also against the vector, as low numbers of visiting insect vectors, with less efficient feeding in the phloem, may explain the low incidence of this phloem‐limited pathogen in some grapevine varieties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shorter survival and longer development are direct indicators of impaired fitness (Huang et al, 2020; Jandricic et al, 2010; Krechemer & Foerster, 2017; Munyaneza & Upton, 2005; Orozco‐Restrepo et al, 2017). More recently, also feeding behaviour of sap‐sucking insects has been widely and effectively applied to estimate plant acceptability, by comparing insect probing behaviour on susceptible and resistant genotypes (Baldin et al, 2018; Kordan et al, 2019; Miao et al, 2014; Ripamonti et al, 2022; Yorozuya, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaphoideus titanus fitness on grapevine varieties with different susceptibility to Flavescence dorée phytoplasma

Ripamonti

Galetto

Maron

et al. 2022

J Applied Entomology

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Scaphoideus titanus (Ball) is a Nearctic leafhopper (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), monophagous on Vitis spp., naturalized in European vineyards since the 20th century. Following its introduction and establishment in Europe, S. titanus became the main vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FDp) to grapevine. FDp causes heavy economic losses to viticulture in Europe. The control of the disease mainly relies on insecticide applications against the vector and on the removal of infected plants. The exploitation of plant resistance or tolerance against pathogens and pests can represent a valuable tool for a more sustainable viticulture. The first step in identifying resistance traits in grapevine varieties towards S. titanus is the evaluation of insect fitness parameters on different grapevine genotypes. Therefore, in this work, nymph mortality and developmental time, adult survival and prolificacy of S. titanus have been studied on three grapevine varieties, characterized by different susceptibility to FD. Scaphoideus titanus showed highest fitness when reared on Barbera, whereas the worst performances were recorded on Moscato, with a significant reduction in nymph and adult survivals, a slowed nymph development, and a decreased number of available eggs. On Brachetto, S. titanus showed an intermediate level of fitness parameters. Consistently with previous studies on feeding behaviour, Barbera is the most suitable host for the FD‐vector. The high suitability of Barbera for S. titanus may partly explain the high susceptibility to FD of this variety. On the contrary, the low suitability of Moscato, poorly susceptible to FD, may be due to antibiosis and antixenosis defence mechanisms that act against S. titanus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaphoideus titanus fitness on grapevine varieties with different susceptibility to Flavescence dorée phytoplasma

Ripamonti

Galetto

Maron

et al. 2022

J Applied Entomology

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“…After overwintering, surviving plants were tested for the presence of FDp by quantitative PCR, as previously described [ 37 ]. About 30 Scaphoideus titanus reared according to Ripamonti et al [ 38 ] were encaged on a symptomatic shoot for two weeks and then transferred to the healthy Vicia faba variety Aguadulce for transmission during two weeks. Two weeks later, the Vicia faba plants were tested for the presence of FDp by quantitative PCR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complete Genome of the “Flavescence Dorée” Phytoplasma Reveals Characteristics of Low Genome Plasticity

Debonneville

Mandelli

Brodard

et al. 2022

Biology

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Members of the genus ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ are obligate intracellular bacteria restricted to phloem sieve elements and are able to colonize several tissues and the hemolymph in their insect vectors. The current unfeasibility of axenic culture and the low complexity of genomic sequences are obstacles in assembling complete chromosomes. Here, a method combining pathogen DNA enrichment from infected insects and dual deep-sequencing technologies was used to obtain the complete genome of a phytoplasma causing Grapevine Flavescence dorée. The de novo assembly generated a circular chromosome of 654,223 bp containing 506 protein-coding genes. Quality assessment of the draft showed a high degree of completeness. Comparative analysis with other phytoplasmas revealed the absence of potential mobile units and a reduced amount of putative phage-derived segments, suggesting a low genome plasticity. Phylogenetic analyses identified Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi as the closest fully sequenced relative. The “Flavescence dorée” phytoplasma strain CH genome also encoded for several putative effector proteins potentially playing a role in pathogen virulence. The availability of this genome provides the basis for the study of the pathogenicity mechanisms and evolution of the Flavescence dorée phytoplasma.

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“…Once marked, all the recordings were individually selected for subsequent analysis. In particular, all recordings with electrical noises or bad electric connections were discarded, as suggested by Ripamonti and colleagues [ 32 ]. All waveforms recorded for both adults and nymphs were analysed by the ANOVA nonparametric Mann-Whitney test with the software package STATISTICA for Windows version 12 (StatSoft, Tulsa, OK, USA), in accordance with the nonsequential parameters [ 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acibenzolar-S-methyl on the Probing Behaviour and Mortality of Cacopsylla pyri on Pear Plants

Civolani

Mirandola

Benetti

et al. 2022

Insects

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European pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri, is one of the worst pests of pear in Europe. We investigated whether acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) application on pear plants might affect the behaviour in C. pyri. The elicitor was applied on pear potted plants, and after 48 h, we confirmed the ASM-mediated induction of several Pathogenesis-Related protein (PR) coding genes. At the same time, an in-depth analysis was performed on the probing behaviour of adults and nymphs of C. pyri on ASM-treated pear plants by the EPG-DC system, as well as the assessment of young nymphs’ survival 7 days after the ASM application. The elicitor application weakly interfered with C. pyri nymphs probing behaviour and survival, while it did not affect adult stages. These data confirm previous observations obtained on C. pyricola and suggest that the elicitor does not represent a viable tool in the control of pear psylla species, especially if used alone, but it might be used in integrated management strategies focused on other plant pathogens such as Erwinia amylovora.

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Leafhopper feeding behaviour on three grapevine cultivars with different susceptibilities to Flavescence dorée

Cited by 13 publications

References 66 publications

Scaphoideus titanus fitness on grapevine varieties with different susceptibility to Flavescence dorée phytoplasma

Scaphoideus titanus fitness on grapevine varieties with different susceptibility to Flavescence dorée phytoplasma

The Complete Genome of the “Flavescence Dorée” Phytoplasma Reveals Characteristics of Low Genome Plasticity

Effects of Acibenzolar-S-methyl on the Probing Behaviour and Mortality of Cacopsylla pyri on Pear Plants

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