Lean mass in obese adult subjects correlates with higher levels of vitamin D, insulin sensitivity and lower inflammation

Fornari, Rachele; Francomano, Davide; Greco, Emanuela A.; Marocco, Chiara; Lubrano, Carla; Wannenes, Francesca; Papa, Vincenza; Bimonte, Viviana M.; Donini, Lorenzo Maria; Lenzi, Andrea; Aversa, Antônio; Migliaccio, Silvia

doi:10.1007/s40618-014-0189-z

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The lean body mass values found in the Vitamin D Deficiency group are different from those reported in other studies, which showed a positive correlation between vitamin D and lean mass [41,42]. The high percentage of lean mass in the Vitamin D Deficiency group may be due to factors other than engagement in physical activities.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Body composition and metabolic profile in adults with vitamin D deficiency

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C T ObjectiveTo investigate the body composition and metabolic profile in individuals in terms of different concentrations of serum vitamin D, ranging from deficiency to sufficiency. MethodsA cross-sectional study of 106 adults of both genders, who were divided into three groups according to vitamin D levels: deficiency: <20ng/mL; insufficiency: 20-29.9ng/mL; and sufficiency: 30-100ng/mL. Anthropometric evaluation included weight, height, and body circumferences. Fat mass and lean mass were assessed using the Tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method. Clinical and biochemical evaluations were also carried out. Insulin resistance was estimated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin index. ResultsThe analysis showed that the main alterations in individuals in the vitamin D deficiency group were higher triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein -cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, body fat percentage, lean mass percentage, waist circumference, and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin than those of the vitamin D sufficient group (p<0.05).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Body composition and metabolic profile in adults with vitamin D deficiency

et al. 2017

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“…These findings are also pertinent from the clinical perspective. Although weight loss studies have shown improvement in lung function in children and adults and higher lean mass is associated with higher vitamin D levels in adults, weight loss among children is modest and difficult to sustain, particularly among minorities . Since vitamin D deficiency is more common among obese children, is influenced by dietary habits, and is responsive to therapy, the association of vitamin D with lung volume deficits linked to obesity offers a therapeutic option for childhood obesity‐related asthma which is known to be less responsive to conventional asthma management .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and pulmonary function in obese asthmatic children

et al. 2016

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Summary Objective Asthma-related morbidity is higher among children with vitamin D deficiency and obesity, morbidities that frequently co-exist among minority children. However, the effect of co-existent obesity and vitamin D deficiency on pulmonary function is poorly understood. Methods We compared percent-predicted values of pulmonary function across vitamin D categories among 72 obese and 71 normal-weight Hispanic and African-American children with asthma recruited at an urban children’s hospital. Serum cytokines associated with Th1 and Th2 inflammation and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) were quantified in fasting serum. 25-OHD levels ≥30 ng/ml were categorized as sufficient, <30 and ≥20 ng/ml as insufficient, and <20 ng/ml as deficient. The role of inflammation was investigated by regression analysis. Results Vitamin D deficiency was present in 50% of children and did not differ by obese status. Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (84.5 ± 9.4 vs. 94.8 ± 8.4, P<0.001), and Functional Residual Capacity (67.5 ± 20.1 vs. 79.3 ± 19, P=0.01) were lower among vitamin D deficient obese asthmatics than their sufficient counterparts, and Total Lung Capacity was lower than their insufficient counterparts (86.9 ± 14.3 vs. 96.6 ± 10, P=0.01); similar associations were not observed in normal-weight asthmatics and were not influenced by systemic inflammation. No association between Th1 and Th2 inflammatory measures, vitamin D deficiency, and pulmonary function tests was found. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency was associated with pulmonary function deficits among obese children, but not among normal-weight children with asthma, an association that was independent of Th1 and Th2 serum inflammatory measures. Vitamin D deficiency may be one potential mechanism underlying the obese-asthma phenotype.

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“…Interestingly, the low adipose tissue content observed in DIO-R rats was accompanied by higher lean mass levels than those in DIO-S rats. Recent studies show that higher levels of lean (muscle) mass in obese individuals correlate with a better metabolic profile 45 . Skeletal muscle is an organ that produces molecules known as myokines 46 which have been proposed to protect from illnesses associated with physical inactivity 46,47 , and the inhibitory effect of exercise on mammary cancer cell proliferation may be partly mediated by some of these molecules 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%