Lean vs. obese phenotypes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: similar or different?

Chun, Ho Soo; Lee, Minjong

doi:10.3350/cmh.2023.0061

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Furthermore, the severity of NAFLD has been shown to be driven, in part, by single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, insulin signaling, and fibrogenesis ( 36 ). The clinical outcomes of non-obese or lean individuals with NAFLD compared with obese individuals with NAFLD remain unclear due to variation across recent studies ( 37 , 38 ). However, the presence of hepatic steatosis in individuals without a known cause of chronic liver disease, including excessive alcohol consumption, is the hallmark of NAFLD ( 39 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and epigenetic determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in lean individuals: a systematic review

Njei,

Al-Ajlouni,

Ugwendum

et al. 2024

Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol

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Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in obese individuals, but its occurrence in lean individuals and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the genetic and epigenetic factors influencing NAFLD in lean individuals. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted on April 2 nd , 2023, in seven databases using specific criteria. Only peer-reviewed studies in English, focusing on genetic or epigenetic effects on NAFLD in lean individuals, were included for qualitative synthesis. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for quality assessment. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023413809). Results Following PRISMA guidelines, 18 studies were included in this review. The studies were conducted globally, with varying sample sizes and study designs. The NOS quality assessment revealed a moderate overall quality with variations in risk of bias and limitations in comparability and ascertainments of exposure among contributing studies. Genetic determinants related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways were identified, including PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene variants associated with increased NAFLD risk in lean individuals. Epigenetic modifications, particularly depletion of histone variants, were also implicated. However, some studies found no significant associations between genetic or clinical characteristics and lean NAFLD. Less frequent genetic risk factors, such as CETP and APOC3 gene variants, were reported. Conclusions This systematic review underscores the importance of investigating genetic and epigenetic factors in lean NAFLD. The findings highlight the role of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene variants and suggest potential epigenetic contributions. Further research is needed to fully understand the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying NAFLD in lean individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and epigenetic determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in lean individuals: a systematic review

Njei,

Al-Ajlouni,

Ugwendum

et al. 2024

Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol

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show abstract

“…13 Although some data suggest that lean NAFLD individuals have less-severe disease and may have a more favorable outcome than their obese counterparts, 14 lean NAFLD individuals also experienced both hepatic and extrahepatic complications. [15][16][17] The histological severity in non-obese NAFLD compared to obese counterparts seemed similar in terms of lobular inflammation and ballooning. 14,15,18 In longitudinal biopsy-proven NAFLD studies, the mortality risk of lean or nonobese NAFLD patients is similar to that of obese NAFLD patients.…”

Section: See Article On Page 987mentioning

confidence: 94%

Lean or Non-obese Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: Are They Really Lean?

Han

Lee

2023

Clin Mol Hepatol

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Lean vs. obese phenotypes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: similar or different?

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Genetic and epigenetic determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in lean individuals: a systematic review

Genetic and epigenetic determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in lean individuals: a systematic review

Lean or Non-obese Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: Are They Really Lean?

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