“…Teaching and learning programming has been a well-known challenging issue faced by students and instructors in higher institutions (Hunter, Livingstone, Neve, & Alsop, 2013;Neve, Hunter, Livingston, & Orwell, 2012). Some students regard computer programming as a difficult subject and less interesting to learn (Hunter et al, 2013;Neve et al, 2012). Similarly, some instructors find it challenging to balance lectures on programming concepts (e.g.…”