“…By defining the number of nodes at the end of an encoding subnet, the image is transformed into a feature vector with a small number of elements, thus reducing the redundancy of the image. So far, various kinds of deep learning networks, including recurrent neural networks (RNNs) [5,6], convolutional neural networks (CNNs) [7,8,9,10,11,12,13], and generative adversarial networks (GANs) [14,15], have been explored for image compression. Although these methods have achieved great results in certain datasets, there are still some shortcomings.…”