Learning Disabilities

Abstract

Learning disabilities (LD) encompass a heterogeneous group of perceptual disorders that impact the development of academic performance is the areas of reading, written language, and mathematics. The most prevalent type of learning disability is a specific reading disability that is commonly referred to as dyslexia, but disorders also exist in written language (dysgraphia) and mathematics (dyscalculia). These disorders are often referred to as “specific” because functioning is only affected in certain, but not all, aspects of academic development and performance. Although LD can co‐occur with other disorders, such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), these disorders are distinct.