Learning from a decade of terror in European cities: Immediate, intermediate, and long-term follow-up

Dyregrov, Atle; Djup, Heidi Wittrup; Barrett, Alan; Watkins, Jelena; Kärki, Freja Ulvestad

doi:10.15714/scandpsychol.6.e10

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The distress caused to survivors and bereaved by intrusive media has been noted following other recent terrorist attacks. 46 These risks of unconditional or unbounded sharing of traumatic details and distress having negative outcomes for ‘listeners’ need to be examined more systematically, and the stated benefits of these groups need to be weighed against these risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a Manchester Attack Support Group Programme was set up to support the people affected. 3 , 46 It organised peer support groups for bereaved people, and also provided emotional support and signposting to other services. Most of the people who joined the support groups were survivors, but bereaved people and responders also participated, with people attending from different areas of North England and beyond (i.e.…”

Section: The Study Reported In This Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We believe that our research questions have not been addressed previously in the Manchester Arena case, although we acknowledge that similar matters have been examined in relation to other terrorist events. 46 Based on the previous literature, we expected families, friends and valued groups to be important as sources of expected support. We also expected that shared experience of the incident would be important to participants in their accounts of effective support.…”

Section: The Study Reported In This Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survivors’ experiences of informal social support in coping and recovering after the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing

et al. 2022

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Background Much of the psychosocial care people receive after major incidents and disasters is informal and is provided by families, friends, peer groups and wider social networks. Terrorist attacks have increased in recent years. Therefore, there is a need to better understand and facilitate the informal social support given to survivors. Aims We addressed three questions. First, what is the nature of any informal support-seeking and provision for people who experienced the 2017 Manchester Arena terrorist attack? Second, who provided support, and what makes it helpful? Third, to what extent do support groups based on shared experience of the attack operate as springboards to recovery? Method Semi-structured interviews were carried out with a purposive sample of 18 physically non-injured survivors of the Manchester Arena bombing, registered at the NHS Manchester Resilience Hub. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed. Results Participants often felt constrained from sharing their feelings with friends and families, who were perceived as unable to understand their experiences. They described a variety of forms of helpful informal social support, including social validation, which was a feature of support provided by others based on shared experience. For many participants, accessing groups based on shared experience was an important factor in their coping and recovery, and was a springboard to personal growth. Conclusions We recommend that people who respond to survivors’ psychosocial and mental healthcare needs after emergencies and major incidents should facilitate interventions for survivors and their social networks that maximise the benefits of shared experience and social validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Study Reported In This Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Study Reported In This Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survivors’ experiences of informal social support in coping and recovering after the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing

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“…Evaluation studies are important because potential lessons from these studies can improve the provision of psychosocial support during future events ( 23 ). The importance of evaluating post-disaster interventions has been widely acknowledged in the literature ( 23 , 24 , 29 , 37 – 43 ). At the same time, although crucial for learning purposes, research into the implementation of a program, “consumer access, uptake and outcomes” is modestly available in the international literature ( 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online One-Stop Shop for Disaster Response Services After the MH17 Airplane Crash: An Evaluation Study

Herpen

Dückers

Schaap

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundA one-stop shop for disaster response services provides a central location for information and advice in an accessible way. Yet little is known about its organization and outcomes. After the MH17 airplane crash, the one-stop shop concept was realized through a digital environment called the Information and Referral Center (IRC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the experiences of users and providers in regard to the IRC and to identify improvement points for future IRCs.MethodData was collected among affected ones as well as involved organizations, using interviews, focus groups, surveys and online user information. Existing evaluation and quality models were combined to design the study and analyze the data.ResultsFirst, affected ones and a variety of organizations involved were positive about the merits of the IRC. Affected ones indicated they perceived the IRC as a reliable source of information and appreciated the referral possibilities. Second, the feature of the IRC to serve as a community where affected ones could meet, share experiences and support each other was hardly used according to participants. Lastly, tracking evolving psychosocial needs and problems through the IRC was hampered due to difficulty in accessing relevant data.ConclusionsThe IRC helped organizations to structure and align their services. Affected ones were positive about its reliability and accessibility. An IRC has to be embedded within the established care structures. Future research could indicate whether an IRC is useful in other event types and population contexts as well.

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“…The acute response after a terror attack may have a crucial impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of the direct victims (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). The acute phase management plays a key role also on the other impacted persons (family members or friends of the direct victims, members of their community, witnesses, members of the community where the attack took place, as well as a first responder and/or professional involved in the acute phase or in the followup (8)(9)(10)(11). The acute phase can be defined as the phase during and immediately after the terror attack, and includes the initial steps of the rescue, identification, registration of all impacted persons, reunification, and immediate medical and psychological care (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote training as a common tool for the different professionals involved in the acute phase after terror attacks across Europe: Perspectives from an expert panel

Askénazy

Fernandez

Altan³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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The acute response after a terror attack may have a crucial impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of the victims. Preparedness of the professionals involved in the acute response is a key element to ensure effective interventions, and can be improved through trainings. Today in Europe there is a recognized lack of inter-professional and international trainings, which are important, among others, to respond to the needs and the rights of victims affected by a terrorist attack in another country than their home country. In this paper we report the perspectives of an expert panel composed by different categories of professionals on the possible role of interprofessional trainings provided remotely. The experts discussed the pertinence of remote trainings for professionals involved in the acute response of a terror attack, and highlighted their Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT analysis). We concluded that, while remote trainings cannot replace in-person trainings, they may be useful to share knowledge about the role and the organization of the different categories of professionals, thus potentially improving response coordination, and to easily share good practices across professionals and countries.

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Learning from a decade of terror in European cities: Immediate, intermediate, and long-term follow-up

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Survivors’ experiences of informal social support in coping and recovering after the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing

Survivors’ experiences of informal social support in coping and recovering after the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing

Online One-Stop Shop for Disaster Response Services After the MH17 Airplane Crash: An Evaluation Study

Remote training as a common tool for the different professionals involved in the acute phase after terror attacks across Europe: Perspectives from an expert panel

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