“…Childhood environmental factors (e.g., socioeconomic, family background, experience) are strong predictors of occupational status and choice over one's lifespan (DiRago & Vaillant, 2007;Shah et al, 2004). Household income, parental education/occupation, and other life conditions and experiences are strongly related to one's continuing education and learning capacity (Gorard, Rees, Fevre, & Welland, 2001;O'Dowd, 2005). Family income determines living environment, quality of child care, learning opportunities, economic pressure, and parent-child relationships (Duncan & Brooks-Gunn, 2000).…”