In recent years, with the development and popularization of software and hardware technology and network technology, multi-channel and multi-content teaching forms have laid a deep social foundation for computer-aided instruction (CAI) to play an increasingly important role, making CAI gradually become an important means in modern teaching links. Based on this, this paper studies and analyzes the design of CAI software under the influence of AI. Firstly, the characteristics of CAI are analyzed, the application of intelligent agent technology in CAI is discussed, and the framework flow chart is introduced to present the workflow of CAI software; secondly, the intelligent response process of CAI software is introduced through different algorithms. Finally, the feasibility of CAI software under the influence of AI is verified through experiments. It can be used for practical application students' learning. With rich course content and fresh function display, it can fully meet the needs of students' efficient learning.