Learning Style Preferences of Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in a Malaysian Public University

John, Edna Magdalena; Neoh, Chin Fen; Ming, Long Chiau; Hong, Yet Hoi

doi:10.5530/ijper.50.3.3

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The present study found that the predominant learning style in our student population is consistent with the learning styles of pharmacists and pharmacy students reported in the literature [ 43 , 44 , 47 , 61 , 64 – 66 ]. The learning styles primarily reported with the pharmacy profession are assimilator and converger.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Crossword puzzle as a learning tool to enhance learning about anticoagulant therapeutics

et al. 2022

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Background Educational games make the learning process more enjoyable, fun, and create a competitive classroom environment that can positively affect learning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pharmacy students’ perceptions of crossword puzzles (CWPs) as a learning tool in the pharmacotherapy cardiovascular module focusing on anticoagulants’ therapeutics and assessing if students’ preference of learning style influenced their perception. Methods Clues for the puzzle were developed, validated, and piloted by course faculty. A free internet puzzle generator was used to create puzzles with 10 to 20 clues. Students were given 30 min to solve the puzzle following six hours of didactic lectures about the topic. An 8-item survey instrument and Pharmacists’ Inventory of Learning Styles (PILS) questionnaire were administered to examine students’ perceptions of the game and their learning style preference, respectively. Results Two hundred sixty-seven students participated in the activity from both undergraduate programs (BPharm and PharmD) over three consecutive course offerings. Most students expressed favorable perceptions of the puzzle. Female and BPharm students had significantly more favorable perceptions than male and PharmD students on several perception items. The dominant preferred learning style (PLS) was converger (35.6%), followed by assimilator (25.3%), while 15.1% had mixed learning styles. The study did not find a significant association between PLS and students’ perceptions toward the CWP. Conclusions The CWP game presented an innovative, creative, and easy active learning tool to enhance information recall, retention, and class engagement while accommodating all learning style preferences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Second, gender variation in learning styles could have affected their perceptions about the time. Although some studies have reported more men being diverger and women have an assimilator learning style, others did not find such differences [ 44 , 61 – 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossword puzzle as a learning tool to enhance learning about anticoagulant therapeutics

et al. 2022

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“…POPULATION After conducting a sample size calculation, an estimated sample size of 385 respondents was determined with a confidence level of 95% and a 5% margin of error. The sample size was calculated using Raosoft, an online sample size calculation software that has also been used in previous studies (Ahmat et al, 2018;Saadatian et al, 2012). A purposive sampling technique was used in this study, as respondents with certain characteristics (i.e., inclusion criteria) were included in the sample because of their usefulness for the purpose of the study (Taherdoost, 2016).…”

Section: Customers' Attitudes As a Mediating Variable Between Perceiv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ads’ Perceived Intrusiveness in Geo-Fencing and Geo-Conquesting on Purchase Intention: The Mediating Role of Customers’ Attitudes

Alzubi,

Abdallah,

Ahmad

2024

IJIKM

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Aim/Purpose: This study focuses on two targeting strategies of out-store Location-Based Mobile Advertising (LBMA): the geo-fencing strategy (i.e., targeting customers who are near the focal store) and the geo-conquesting strategy (i.e., targeting those who are near competitors’ stores to visit the focal store). To the authors’ knowledge, no previous studies have compared the perceived intrusiveness of advertisements (ads) in geo-fencing and geo-conquesting settings, despite the accumulating literature on out-store LBMA. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine which targeting strategy is more effective in terms of reducing the perception of ads’ intrusiveness and increasing positive customers’ attitudes and purchase intention. Background: The intrusive nature of LBMA is perceived negatively by some customers, impacting their attitudes toward the ad, purchase intention, and even their perception of the brand. Therefore, identifying the targeting strategy under which ads are perceived as less intrusive is essential. Additionally, brick-and-mortar clothing stores in Jordan are facing challenges due to the rise of online shopping and increased competition from nearby stores. Thus, examining geo-fencing and geo-conquesting might tackle these challenges and encourage local clothing retailers to adopt these strategies. Methodology: A quantitative method was used in this study. A between-subjects experimental design was used to collect the data using a scenario-based survey distributed to Jordanians aged 18 to 45. A total of 531 responses were collected. After excluding those who do not belong to the targeted age group and those who did not pass the manipulation check, 406 responses were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 28 and the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software version 26 to conduct Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Contribution: This work offers valuable contributions by investigating the impact of the perceived intrusiveness of ads on purchase intention in the contexts of geo-fencing and geo-conquesting, which has not been studied before. Additionally, it fills a gap by examining this phenomenon in Jordan, a developing country in which attitudes toward LBMA have not been previously explored. Findings: The results revealed that location-based mobile ads sent under a geo-fencing strategy are perceived as less intrusive than those sent under a geo-conquesting strategy. In addition, customers’ attitudes fully mediate the relationship between intrusiveness and purchase intention only under the geo-fencing strategy. Ultimately, neither of the strategies is more effective in terms of increasing positive customer attitudes and purchase intentions in the context of clothing retail stores in Jordan. Recommendations for Practitioners: Clothing retailers in Jordan should consider adopting geo-fencing and geo-conquesting strategies to boost purchase intentions and tackle industry challenges. Additionally, to increase purchase intentions with geo-fencing, practitioners should focus on fostering positive customer attitudes toward ads, as simply perceiving them as less intrusive is not sufficient to drive purchase intention without the mediating effect of positive attitudes. Recommendation for Researchers: This research is crucial for academics and researchers as geolocation technology and LBMA are expected to advance significantly in the future. Researchers can investigate this topic through a randomized field experiment, followed by a research questionnaire to collect data from a real-world setting. Impact on Society: Utilizing LBMA is essential for local clothing retail stores that are trying to effectively reach and connect with their customers because searching the Internet for local goods and services is done primarily on mobile devices. Indeed, this study revealed that customers in both settings (i.e., geo-fencing and geo-conquesting) reported a high intention to visit the promoting store and to purchase from the advertised product category. Future Research: Future research can apply this topic to different industries and cultural contexts, as the results may vary across industries and regions. Moreover, future research could build on this study by investigating additional constructs, such as product category involvement, customization, and content type of the message (e.g., informative, entertaining).

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“…The four years of B.Pharm is commonly considered to be a tough program as students are required to study all aspects of pharmaceutical sciences. John et al claim that the extensive range of subjects addressed and the constrained amount of class time may lessen the effectiveness of the teaching-learning relationship (4). Consequently, the learning methods used may have an effect on the effectiveness of the instruction given to students (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Undergraduate Pharmacy Student Learning Styles Using the VARK Questionnaire

Jailani,

Suratman,

Maniam

et al. 2023

MJMHS

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Introduction: Many students struggle to recognise their own learning styles, which leads to poor academic achievement. Thus, this study aimed to determine the preferred learning styles of undergraduate pharmacy students at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Puncak Alam Campus. The correlation between the preferred learning style of pharmacy students and their gender, year of study, and academic performance was also investigated in this study. Methods: Respondents (N = 258) were recruited using simple random sampling from four cohort of pharmacy students. The learning style was evaluated by using a validated Visual, Aural, Reading/writing, and Kinesthetic (VARK) Questionnaire. Results: In this study, unimodal learning style was preferred by 65.1% of the respondents, with the remaining 34.9% having multimodal style preference. Kinesthetic (K) was the most preferred learning style (37.6%) while Reading/writing (R) was the least preferred method of learning (33.7%). The Chi-square test of independence revealed that there was a significant correlation between gender and the preferred learning style (p = 0.002). However, no correlation was observed in the preferred modality according to the year of study (p = 0.877) and academic performance (p = 0.989). Conclusion: In conclusion, the majority of our pharmacy students were unimodal learners, with the kinesthetic learning style being the most common and reading/writing being the least preferred. Our pharmacy students have also been discovered to be multimodal learners, which may be an important consideration for educators utilising a mixed teaching technique to support various learning styles.

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Learning Style Preferences of Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in a Malaysian Public University

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Crossword puzzle as a learning tool to enhance learning about anticoagulant therapeutics

Crossword puzzle as a learning tool to enhance learning about anticoagulant therapeutics

The Influence of Ads’ Perceived Intrusiveness in Geo-Fencing and Geo-Conquesting on Purchase Intention: The Mediating Role of Customers’ Attitudes

Assessment of Undergraduate Pharmacy Student Learning Styles Using the VARK Questionnaire

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