Learning the affective value of people: More than affect-based mechanisms

Ferrari, Chiara; Oh, DongWon; Labbree, Brandon P.; Todorov, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103011

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…[ 25 – 28 ]). Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that learning about the affective value of people encompasses both affect-based mechanisms as well as person-attribution processes [ 29 ]. Such findings leave room for the possibility that the aesthetic experience, perception and evaluation of an artwork may be impacted by affective, artist-related information in nuanced and diverse ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating art from the artist: The effect of negative affective knowledge on ERPs and aesthetic experience

2023

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Some artists do terrible things. But does knowing something bad about an artist affect the way we perceive the work? Despite increased public interest, this question has yet to be addressed empirically. In this pre-registered study, we used aesthetic ratings and electrophysiological brain responses to shed light on the issue. We found that paintings of artists associated with negative-social biographical knowledge were liked less and found more arousing than paintings of artists associated with neutral information. Such paintings also elicited an enhanced brain response associated with fast and reflexive processing of emotional stimuli (early posterior negativity; EPN). Evaluations of quality and later, more controlled brain responses (late positive potential; LPP) were not affected. Reflecting the complexity of aesthetic experience, this pattern of results became more differentiated when the visual relatedness between the contents of the painting and the artist-related information was taken into account. Overall, our findings suggest that emotional aspects involved in art reception are not spontaneously separated from the artist, whilst evaluative judgments and more elaborate processing may be.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating art from the artist: The effect of negative affective knowledge on ERPs and aesthetic experience

2023

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“…When we are exposed to news, we are confronted with verbal information ( Figure 1 , Phase 1). Emotional person-related verbal information—even when minimal like in headlines—can change the affective value of people by mechanisms of verbal evaluative learning (also referred to as evaluative conditioning) as well as by attributional or propositional processes that may additionally take into account the relevance or truth-value of the information in its context ( Bliss-Moreau et al , 2008 ; Mattarozzi et al , 2014 ; Ferrari et al , 2020 ; for a general review, see De Houwer, Van Dessel, Moran, 2020 ). Some evidence of potential neural underpinnings of person-related verbal evaluative learning suggest that while emotional information may not affect very early visual processing (but see Galli et al , 2006 ), it can affect early and later conceptual processing that may rely on both implicit and explicit memory of the information ( Kissler and Strehlow, 2017 ; Junghöfer et al , 2016 and see introduction of ERP effects below).…”

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confidence: 99%

Emotional news affects social judgments independent of perceived media credibility

Baum

Rahman

2020

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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How does the credibility we attribute to media sources influence our opinions and judgments derived from news? Participants read headlines about the social behavior of depicted unfamiliar persons from websites of trusted or distrusted well-known German news media. As a consequence, persons paired with negative or positive headlines were judged more negative or positive than persons associated with neutral information independent of source credibility. Likewise, electrophysiological signatures of slow and controlled evaluative brain activity revealed a dominant influence of emotional headline contents regardless of credibility. Modulations of earlier brain responses associated with arousal and reflexive emotional processing show an effect of negative news and suggest that distrusted sources may even enhance the impact of negative headlines. These findings demonstrate that though we may have distinct perceptions about the credibility of media sources, information processing and social judgments rely on the emotional content of headlines, even when they stem from sources we distrust.

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“…When we are exposed to news we are confronted with verbal information (see Fig.1, Phase 1). Emotional person-related verbal information -even when minimal like in headlines -can change the affective value of people by mechanisms of verbal evaluative learning (also referred to as evaluative conditioning) as well as by attributional or propositional processes that may additionally take into account the relevance or truth-value of the information in its context (Bliss-Moreau et al, 2008;Ferrari et al, 2020;Mattarozzi et al, 2014; for a general review see De Houwer, Van Dessel, Moran;2020). Some evidence of potential neural underpinnings of person-related verbal evaluative learning suggests that while emotional information may not affect very early visual processing (but see Galli et al, 2006), it can affect early and later conceptual processing that may rely on both, implicit and explicit memory of the information (Junghöfer et al, 2016;Kissler & Strehlow, 2012; and see introduction of ERP effects below).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional news affects social judgments independent of perceived media credibility

Baum

Rahman²

2020

Preprint

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How does the credibility we attribute to media sources influence our opinions and judgments derived from news? Participants read headlines about the social behavior of depicted unfamiliar persons from websites of trusted or distrusted well-known German news media.As a consequence, persons paired with negative or positive headlines were judged more negative or positive than persons associated with neutral information independent of source credibility. Likewise, electrophysiological signatures of slow and controlled evaluative brain activity revealed a dominant influence of emotional headline contents regardless of credibility. Modulations of earlier brain responses associated with arousal and reflexive emotional processing show an effect of negative news and suggest that distrusted sources may even enhance the impact of negative headlines. These findings demonstrate that even though we acknowledge source credibility, information processing and social judgments rely on the emotional content of headlines, even when they stem from sources we distrust.

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Learning the affective value of people: More than affect-based mechanisms

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Separating art from the artist: The effect of negative affective knowledge on ERPs and aesthetic experience

Separating art from the artist: The effect of negative affective knowledge on ERPs and aesthetic experience

Emotional news affects social judgments independent of perceived media credibility

Emotional news affects social judgments independent of perceived media credibility

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