Least eigenvalue of the connected graphs whose complements are cacti

Abstract

Suppose that Γ is a graph of order n and A(Γ) = [ai,j] is its adjacency matrix such that ai,j is equal to 1 if vi is adjacent to vj and ai,j is zero otherwise, where 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n. In a family of graphs, a graph is called minimizing if the least eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix is minimum in the set of the least eigenvalues of all the graphs. Petrović et al. [On the least eigenvalue of cacti, Linear Algebra Appl., 2011, 435, 2357-2364] characterized a minimizing graph in the family of all cacti such that the complement of this minimizing graph is disconnected. In this paper, we characterize the minimizing graphs G ∈ $\begin{array}{} {\it\Omega}^c_n \end{array}$, i.e.$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \lambda_{min}(G)\leq\lambda_{min}(C^c) \end{array}$$for each Cc ∈ $\begin{array}{} {\it\Omega}^c_n \end{array}$, where $\begin{array}{} {\it\Omega}^c_n \end{array}$ is a collection of connected graphs such that the complement of each graph of order n is a cactus with the condition that either its each block is only an edge or it has at least one block which is an edge and at least one block which is a cycle.

Topological Descriptors on Some Families of Graphs

“…A graph can be recognized by a numerical number, a polynomial, an arrangement of numbers, and either a network or a matrix which represents the whole graph. A topological index is a numerical amount related to a graph, which describes the geography of the graph and is invariant under diagram automorphism [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”