Least Error Squares Approach: A Practical Method for Power System Frequency and Amplitude Estimation

Sharma, Ravi; Dhole, G. M.

doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.08.164

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First three subsections present the most popular methods introduced and initially characterized by transient response in [10], [12]. The last method presented was introduced by [15], [11] A. Adjustment of points to pure sine wave equation (APSW)…”

Section: Frequency Estimation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Real Time Hardware-In-The-Loop Comparison of Frequency Estimation Techniques in Application to ROCOF Based Islanding Detection

Grębla

Yellajosula

Høidalen

2018

2018 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) is one of the most common islanding detection techniques because of its simplicity and economical benefits. However, it does need thorough considerations to avoid mis-operations of ROCOF relays during islanding. These relays operates based on frequency estimation, which is performed either from the phase voltages or by obtaining the speed measurement from generator. With the penetration of distributed generation (DG), there is high probability for unavailability of frequency measurement from a synchronous generator. This calls for frequency estimation based on network voltages and this has a significant influence on ROCOF operation performance. This paper discusses the most commonly used frequency estimation methods and summarizes the usability of these methods through real-time hardware-in-theloop (RT-HIL) simulations for ROCOF relay.

show abstract

Section: Frequency Estimation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Background behind frequency estimation by LSE method is presented in details in [15] and here only essentials are introduced. Measured voltage signal can be expressed by equation:…”

Section: Least Error Squares (Les)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Time Hardware-In-The-Loop Comparison of Frequency Estimation Techniques in Application to ROCOF Based Islanding Detection

Grębla

Yellajosula

Høidalen

2018

2018 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many examples of frequency measurement estimation algorithms and techniques are available in the literature (e.g. [50]). However, in practice the implementation of decentralised frequency regulation is not always favourable and quite often cost-inhibitive.…”

Section: Frequency Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of thermal inertia in building stock to leverage decentralised demand side frequency regulation services

Williams

Short

Crosbie

2018

Applied Thermal Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most governments are applying financial instruments and other polices to encourage distributed renewable electricity generation (DREG). DREG is less predictable and more volatile than traditional forms of energy generation. Closure of larger fossil-fuelled power plants and rising share of DREG is reducing system inertia on energy networks such that new methods of demand response are required. Usually participation in non-dynamic frequency response is reactive, affecting the duty cycle of thermostatically controlled loads. However, this can adversely affect building thermal efficiency. The research presented takes a proactive approach to demand response employing heat transfer dynamics. Here, thermal dynamics exhibit a significantly larger inertia than electrical power consumption. Thus, short-term fluctuations in energy use should have less effect on temperature regulation and user comfort in buildings than existing balancing services. A prototype frequency sensor and control unit for proactive demand response in building stock is developed. The paper reports on hardware-in-the-loop simulations, testing real thermal loads within a simulated power network. The instrumented approach adopted enables accurate real-time electrical frequency measurement, while the control method offers effective demand response, which suggest the feasibility of using decentralised frequency control regulation as a novel approach to existing demand response mechanisms. Keywords Frequency regulation; decentralised control; demand response. Nomenclature transport delay, s load damping constant, s Δ frequency deviation, Hz inertia time constant, s TCL controller integral gain ALFC secondary loop gain, p.u. MW/Hz s ℎ thermal load gain TCL controller proportional gain Δ step change in power demand, p.u. Δ change in hydraulic amplifier output Δ ℎ electrical power deviation, p.u. Δ change in turbine power output regulator, Hz/p.u. MW Δ temperature deviation, p.u. governor time constant, s ℎ thermal load time constant, s turbine time constant, s ̅ sample mean number of entries sample standard deviation standard error standardized test statistic

show abstract

“…Least square techniques aim at reducing the sum of squared errors between the obtained data and the actual data and has been used for state estimation in power system [13]- [16]. Taylor's series expansion principle of the least squares error curve fitting technique was used to estimate power system frequency and amplitude [17]. Least square technique has found diverse applications in electrical engineering such as in power quality assessment [18], determine symmetrical components of power system [19], phasor estimation for power quality monitoring [20], to mention but a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust least square approach for optimal development of quadratic fuel quantity function for steam power stations

Onyegbadue

Ogbuka²,

Madueme³

2022

IJEECS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Robust Least Square (RLS) consisting of Least Absolute Residual and Bi-square approaches were deployed to obtain the fuel consumption characteristic curve and the coefficients of the quadratic fuel consumption function for thermal stations in Nigeria. Results were compared based on convergence property, Root Mean Square Error, R-Square value, Adjusted R-Square value, and Width Interval of coefficients. Valve Point loading effects of Egbin and Sapele power stations were used to develop the quadratic fuel consumption characteristic curve and function. The average difference in width interval for the coefficients a, b, c, d, and e of the two stations, after comparing Bi-square and OLS technique, were 0.02084, 8.5055, 1856.565, 520.8855, and 0.0082, respectively. The R-square values obtained from the Bi-Square technique were superior to the OLS technique with arithmetic differences of 0.6196 and 0.5254 for Egbin and Sapele generating stations, respectively. Bi-Square technique also offered better adjusted R-Square value for Egbin and Sapele stations with arithmetic differences of 0.622 and 0.5287, respectively. Bi-Square technique offered smaller Root Mean Square Error than the Ordinary Least Square technique for both stations. The coefficients obtained from Bi-Square technique were used to develop the fuel quantity function for the studied stations.

show abstract

Least Error Squares Approach: A Practical Method for Power System Frequency and Amplitude Estimation

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Real Time Hardware-In-The-Loop Comparison of Frequency Estimation Techniques in Application to ROCOF Based Islanding Detection

Real Time Hardware-In-The-Loop Comparison of Frequency Estimation Techniques in Application to ROCOF Based Islanding Detection

On the use of thermal inertia in building stock to leverage decentralised demand side frequency regulation services

Robust least square approach for optimal development of quadratic fuel quantity function for steam power stations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About