“…Morphology. -Characters 1-30 of our morphological matrix were taken from Tables 75 and 76 of Meusel & Kästner (1994), where the characters were coded as binary or multistate characters: (1) primary shoot axis: elongated 0, partly shortened 1, fully condensed (with a leaf rosette) 2; (2) woodiness of axis: woody along the complete length 0, woody only near base 1, not woody 2; (3) innovations: acrotone 0, basitone 1, absent 2; (4) growth form: treelet or cushion shrublet 0, pleiocorm (= with innovation buds at the main root crown) pluriennial or monocarpic 1; (4*) see below; (5) life form: perennial 0, biennial 1, annual 2; (6) pleiocorm: absent 0, present and woody 1, present and not woody 2; (7) roots: no taproot 0, fleshy taproot 1, nonfleshy taproot 2; (8) fleshy taproot: absent 0, fleshy in the central cylinder 1, fleshy in the parenchymatous part 2; (9) root buds: absent 0, sometimes present 1, always present 2; (10) leaves: evergreen 0, green during winter 1, green during summer 2; (11) leaf rosette: absent 0, weak 1, conspicuous 2; (12) relative size of leaves: small 0, large 1; (13) shape of leaves: entire 0, entire or dissected 1, always dissected 2; (14) spines on leaf margins: absent or tooth-like 0, strong and thorny 1; (15) leaf stomata: hypostomatic 0, amphistomatic 1; (16) leaf indumentum: absent 0, present 1; (17) number of flower heads: several 0, usually one 1; (18) relative size of flowering heads: small 0, large 1; (19) base of flowering heads: abruptly emerging from the stalk 0, continuously intergrading from the stalk 1; (20) outer involucral bracts: loosely arranged 0, in several rows 1; (21) indumentum of involucral bract margins: absent 0, present 1; (22) indumentum of involucral bract tips: absent 0, a bunch of hairs 1; (23) color of inner involucral bracts: yellow to brownish-yellow 0, silverywhite to red 1; (24) ratio between lengths of inner involucral bracts and corolla: <1 0, >1 1; (25) relative corolla length: short 0, long 1; (26) head of style: cone-like 0, cylindrical 1; (27) relative length of achenes: short (≤6.5 mm) 0, long (>6.5 mm) 1; (28) number of pappus bristles per basal segment: (1-)3-4 0, (3-)5-7 1, >7 2; (29) receptacle with separation tissue: absent 0, present 1; (30) 2n chromosome number: 20 0, 18 1.…”