Leccinum extremiorientale for the first time. Their structures were identified on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as MS.Keywords: Leccinum extremiorientale, pyrrole alkaloids, 2-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] acetic acid.Leccinum extremiorientale belongs to the higher fungus of the genus Leccinum in the family Boletaceae and grows worldwide, especially in the northern temperate zone. It is distributed mainly in Sichuan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Tibet, and other places of China [1]. L. extremiorientale, commonly known as "Huanglaitou" in Chinese, is a very tasty mushroom. The exhaustive study on chemical constituents of some species in this family Boletaceae has been carried out [2][3][4][5]. Previous research on the chemical constituents of L. extremiorientale showed the presence of natural products including steroids, alkaloids, and monosaccharides [6,7]. In order to find new bioactive compounds from the genus Leccinum, a further chemical investigation of L. extremiorientale was carried out, which led to the first isolation of three pyrrole alkaloids, including a new one 2-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] acetic acid (1) from the ethyl acetate extract of this fungus. This paper describes the isolation and structural elucidation of the new pyrrole alkaloid.Compound 1 was isolated as a white crystals and possessed the molecular formula C 9 H 11 NO 4 as established by HR-EI-MS (m/z 197.0690 [M] + ) and 13 C NMR spectra, indicating five unsaturation degrees. Its IR absorption bands at 1735 and 1683 cm -1 showed the presence of a carboxylic acid and an aldehyde group, respectively. The 1 H NMR spectrum of 1 (Table 1) showed one methoxyl singal [G 3.28 (3H, s)], two olefinic proton signals [G 7.01 (1H, d, J = 4.0 Hz), 6.31 (1H, d, J = 4.0 Hz)], and one aldehyde signal [9.45 (1H, s)]. The 13 C NMR and DEPT spectra (Table 1) of 1 displayed nine carbon resonances, including one methoxyl, two methylenes (one oxygenated), three methines (two olefinic), and three quaternary carbons.