Lectin histochemistry of the lymphoid organs of the chicken

Jörns, Julia; Mangold, Ulrich; Neumann, Ulrich; Damme, Els J.M. Van; Peumans, Willy J.; Pfüller, Uwe; Schumacher, Udo

doi:10.1007/s00429-003-0331-8

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This pattern of lectin expression is different from other avian tissue macrophages. PNA and SNA do not react with chicken macrophages in thymus and bursa of Fabricius, and LEA do not bind chicken macrophages in thymus (Jörns et al. 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization of pecteneal hyalocytes in the developing quail retina

et al. 2009

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The periphery of the vitreous body contains a population of cells termed hyalocytes. Despite the existence for more than one century of publications devoted to the pecten oculi, a convoluted coil of blood vessels that seems to be the primary source of nutrients for the avian avascular retina, little information can be found concerning the pecteneal hyalocytes. These cells are situated on the inner limiting membrane in close relationship with the convolute blood vessels. To characterize the origin and macrophagic activity of pecteneal hyalocytes, we have analysed two different stages of quail eye development using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Pecteneal hyalocytes express the QH1 epitope and cKit, confirming that these cells belong to the haematopoietic system. They also express vimentin, an intermediate filament protein present in cells of mesenchymal origin and very important for differentiation of fully active macrophages. However, similarly as described in porcine hyalocytes, pecteneal hyalocytes express the glial fibrillary acidic protein, a recognized neuroglial marker. Pecteneal hyalocytes did not express other neuroglial markers, such as glutamine synthetase or S100. Acidic phosphatase was activated and Lep100 was found in secondary lysosomes, confirming phagocytic activity of pecteneal hyalocytes during ocular development. Pecteneal hyalocytes strongly react with RCA-I, WFA, WGA, PNA, SNA, LEA and SBA lectins, whereas other avian macrophages from thymus and the bursa of Fabricius did not bind PNA, SNA and LEA lectins. Interestingly, WGA lectin reacts with all kinds of avian macrophages, including pecteneal hyalocytes, probably reflecting the specific binding of WGA to components of the phagocytic and endocytic pathways. In conclusion, pecteneal hyalocytes are a special subtype of blood-borne macrophages that express markers not specifically associated with the haematopoietic system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization of pecteneal hyalocytes in the developing quail retina

et al. 2009

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“…The so-called secretory dendritic cells are derived from the mesoderm and localized in the medulla of the follicles (Ciriaco et al, 1994(Ciriaco et al, , 1997Gallego et al, 1996;Olah and Glick, 1995). Scattered macrophage-dendritic cells might be found distributed throughout the organ (see Jorns et al, 2003).…”

Section: Bursa Of Fabriciusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related changes in the avian primary lymphoid organs (thymus and bursa of Fabricius)

Ciriaco

Piñera

Díaz-Esnal

et al. 2003

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The avian primary lymphoid organs, the thymus and the bursa of Fabricius, undergo age-dependent changes leading in some cases to the complete atrophy of the organ. Nevertheless, the timetable of the involutive process as well as the consequences in the structure and functionality of the organs vary largely in the time frame and structural changes among species. On the other hand, and in contrast with the large body of literature reporting the structural and functional changes in mammalian primary lymphoid organs, the age-dependent changes in avian thymus and bursa of Fabricius are scarce, fragmentary, and heterogeneous. This article reviews the current literature on this topic, and focuses primarily on the involution of the bursa of Fabricius.

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“…The following lectins were used: UEA I, Con A, GNA, ML I, HPA, CMA, WGA, MAA, SNA I, and PHA-L (25).…”

Section: Infection Of Mice and Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of lectin staining, paraffin sections were treated as described earlier (25). The following lectins were used: UEA I, Con A, GNA, ML I, HPA, CMA, WGA, MAA, SNA I, and PHA-L (25).…”

Section: Infection Of Mice and Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hepatitis C Virus Non-structural NS5A Protein Impairs Both the Innate and Adaptive Hepatic Immune Response in Vivo

Kriegs

Bürckstümmer

Himmelsbach

et al. 2009

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) protein non-structural (NS) 5A in HCV-associated pathogenesis is still enigmatic. To investigate the in vivo role of NS5A for viral persistence and virus-associated pathogenesis a transgenic (Tg) mouse model was established. Mice with liver-targeted NS5A transgene expression were generated using the albumin promoter. Alterations in the hepatic immune response were determined by Western blot, infection by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and using transient NS3/4A Tg mice generated by hydrodynamic injection. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity was investigated by the Cr-release assay. The stable NS5A Tg mice did not reveal signs of spontaneous liver disease. The intrahepatic immunity was disrupted in the NS5A Tg mice as determined by clearance of LCMV infection or transiently NS3/4A Tg hepatocytes in vivo. This impaired immunity was explained by a reduced induction of interferon ␤, 2,5-OAS, and PKR after LCMV infection and an impairment of the CTL-mediated elimination of NS3-expressing hepatocytes. In conclusion, these data indicate that in the present transgenic mouse model, NS5A does not cause spontaneous liver disease. However, we discovered that NS5A could impair both the innate and the adaptive immune response to promote chronic HCV infection. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)4 infection is associated with an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HCV genome is a single-stranded positivesense RNA molecule of ϳ9600 bp (1). The viral RNA codes for one large polyprotein of ϳ3100 amino acids that is post-translationally processed by cellular and viral proteases, leading to the structural proteins core, E1 and E2, the p7 protein, and the non-structural proteins NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B (2). The mature NS5A protein is generated by the action of the NS3/NS4A serine protease. NS5A is a phosphoprotein that exists in a basal or in a hyperphosphorylated state (p56 and p58) (3). Through an amphipathic ␣-helix, NS5A is associated with the cytoplasmic face of the ER (4) and is an integral part of the replication complex (5). Mutations in NS5A affect the rate of HCV replication suggesting a role of NS5A in modulating viral expression and replication (6). Moreover, NS5A is able to interfere with a variety of cellular proteins. Some of these interaction partners, such as Grb2, PI3K, p53, or Raf-1 are important key players in host cell signal transduction, enabling NS5A to deregulate important cellular check points (7-10). Recent reports even suggest that NS5A may deregulate cell cycle progression by modulating the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes (11). In light of these observations and that it has been suggested to transform murine fibroblasts (12), it is speculated that NS5A could represent an important factor for the development of HCV-associated HCC (13).Infection of transgenic mice expressing the complete HCV polyprotein with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) showed a reduced IFN response and a delayed viral eli...

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Lectin histochemistry of the lymphoid organs of the chicken

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Morphological characterization of pecteneal hyalocytes in the developing quail retina

Morphological characterization of pecteneal hyalocytes in the developing quail retina

Age‐related changes in the avian primary lymphoid organs (thymus and bursa of Fabricius)

The Hepatitis C Virus Non-structural NS5A Protein Impairs Both the Innate and Adaptive Hepatic Immune Response in Vivo

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