Lectotypification of Kengyilia mutica (Keng ex Keng &amp; S. L. Chen) J. L. Yang, Yen &amp; Baum (Poaceae), and Change of Circumscription

Yen, Chi; Yang, Junliang; Baum, Bernard R.

doi:10.2307/3392272

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…One maser line that is studied in massive star forming regions corresponds to the F = 3 − − 3 + hyperfine transition of the 2 Π 3/2 (J = 5/2) excited state of OH at a frequency of 6.035 GHz (Knowles et al 1976). First detected by Yen et al (1969) toward W3(OH), maser lines from this transition have been found associated with massive star formation in galactic and extragalactic environments (Caswell & Vaile 1995;Caswell 1995). The 6.035 GHz OH line shows a large flux density range in galactic maser sources, from more than 100 Jy to ∼ 0.1 Jy (e.g., Baudry et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISCOVERY OF 6.035 GHz HYDROXYL MASER FLARES IN IRAS 18566+0408

Marzouk

Araya

Höfner

et al. 2012

ApJ

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We report the discovery of 6.035 GHz hydroxyl (OH) maser flares toward the massive star forming region IRAS 18566+0408 (G37.55+0.20), which is the only region known to show periodic formaldehyde (4.8 GHz H 2 CO) and methanol (6.7 GHz CH 3 OH) maser flares. The observations were The OH maser flares are not simultaneous with the H 2 CO flares, but may be correlated with CH 3 OH flares from a component at corresponding velocities. A possible correlated variability of OH and CH 3 OH masers in IRAS 18566+0408 is consistent with a common excitation mechanism (IR pumping) as predicted by theory.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISCOVERY OF 6.035 GHz HYDROXYL MASER FLARES IN IRAS 18566+0408

Marzouk

Araya

Höfner

et al. 2012

ApJ

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“…In the cationic species, the amine salt (of P-40) did not show any peaks above the region of 3200 cm 21 indicating the lack of the hydrogen bonded interaction in the absence of the BOC pendant. 43,50,51 To further confirm this trend, DLS histograms of the neutral P-40 nanoparticles that were incubated at pH 5 7.4, 6.0, 4.0, and 2.0 for 12 h were recorded and are shown in Figure 4(c). The size of the nanoparticle was observed to increase gradually from 350 nm (in pH 5 7.4) to 750 nm (in pH 5 2.0) with increase in the acidic environment [ Figure 4(c)].…”

Section: Transformation Into Cationic Polyestermentioning

confidence: 73%

Enzyme and pH dual responsive l -amino acid based biodegradable polymer nanocarrier for multidrug delivery to cancer cells

Saxena

Jayakannan

2016

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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We report a new pH and enzyme dual responsive biodegradable polymer nanocarrier to deliver multiple anticancer drugs at the intracellular compartment in cancer cells. Natural L-aspartic acid was converted into multifunctional monomer and polymerized to yield new classes of biodegradable aliphatic polyester in-build with pH responsiveness. The transformation of side chain BOC urethanes into cationic NH 1 3 in the acidic endosomal environment disassembled the polymers nanoparticles (pH trigger-1). The biodegradation of aliphatic polyester backbone by esterase enzyme ruptured the nanoassemblies and released the drugs in the cytoplasm (trigger-2). The polymer scaffolds were capable of delivering multiple drugs such as doxorubicin, topotecan, and curcumin (CUR). The cytotoxicity of the nascent and drug-loaded nanoparticles were tested in cervical (HeLa) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. The nascent polymer nanoscaffolds were found to be nontoxic to cells whereas their drug-loaded nanoparticles exhibited excellent killing. Confocal microscopic images revealed that the drug-loaded polymer nanoparticles were taken up by the cells and the dual degradation process delivered the drugs to nucleus and established the proof-of-concept. The present investigation opens up new platform for L-amino acid based polyester scaffolds, for the first time, in the intracellular drug delivery in cancer treatment.their monomer constituents from un-natural resources. Hence, it would be more appropriate to design biodegradable polymer nanocarriers based on biological monomer resources for cancer treatment and biomedical applications. Among the natural resources, L-amino acids are particularly interesting since their sequence and structure control the three dimensional assemblies of proteins and their enzymatic action in biological system. 24,25 L-Amino acid based synthetic amphiphilic oligopeptides 26 and diblock polypeptides 27-30 were tailor-made and their supramolecular nanoscaffolds were employed for tissue engineering, 31,32 drug and gene delivery, 33,34 etc. Unfortunately, these synthetic peptides were known to encounter difficulty for biodegradation at the intracellular level. 35 Digestive enzymes such as a-chymotrypsin and trypsin (available in intestine) were found to be highly specific in action to cleave peptide sequences in proteins. For example, a-chymotrypsinenzyme selectively cleaves C-terminal of phenyl alanine, tyrosine and tryptophan peptide linkages 36-38 whereas trypsinenzyme cleaves the C-terminal of arginine and lysine in peptides. 7 Hence, it is very difficult to predict or programme the enzymatic biodegradation of synthetic polypeptides in drug Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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“…Aromatic-aliphatic polyester-amides (PEAs) are well known for exhibiting liquid-crystalline properties because of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between amide-amide and amide-ester moieties. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] We have previously shown that amido diol can be used as an important precursor for the synthesis of novel PEAs containing inbuilt diamide linkage and that the extensive hydrogen bonds between the amide-amide and amide-ester groups stabilize the mesophase structures of PEAs. [7][8][9][10][11][12] The generation and stabilization of the mesophase is further enhanced because of the rigidity of the aromatic ring and the double-bond character of the carbonyl group of the amide linkage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen‐bonded thermotropic liquid‐crystalline polyester–amides from bis(hydroxy alkamido)aranes: Synthesis and properties

Devaki

Pillai

2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Hydrogen-bonded aromatic-aliphatic polyester-amides (PEAs) were prepared by solution/melt polycondensation of aromatic-aliphatic amidodiols 1,4-bis(4-hydroxybutyramide)benzene (BHBB), 1,4-bis(5-hydroxy pentamide)benzene, 1,4-bis(6-hydroxyhexamide)benzene, 1,4-bis(4-hydroxybutyramidexylene), 1,4-bis(5-hydroxypentamidexylene, 1,4-bis(4-hydroxybutyramide)benzene, and 1,4-bis(6-hydroxyhexamidexylene) with terephthaloyl chloride/dimethyl terephthalate. Aromatic-aliphatic amido diols were prepared by the aminolysis of ␥-butyrolactone, ␦-valerolactone, and ⑀-caprolactone with aromatic diamines such as paraphenylene diamine and paraxylene diamine. The monomers and polymers were characterized by chemical analysis (hydroxyl value and elemental analysis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR. The thermaland phase-transition behaviors of the polymers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry in combination with hot-stage optical microscopy. Crystallinity of polymers was examined with wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The polymers exhibited liquid crystallinity with layered structures formed by self-organization of the hetero intermolecular hydrogen-bonded networks indicating smectic phases except for PEAs prepared from BHBB. The hydrogen atom of the phenyl-substituent group forces the neighboring carbonyl groups out of plane of the rings preventing formation of layered structures in the case of BHBB. The PEAs retained intermolecular hydrogen bonding even in the mesomorphic state, and variations in the hydrogen-bonded lamellae/micelles might be responsible for the variations from one smectic to another texture.

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Lectotypification of Kengyilia mutica (Keng ex Keng & S. L. Chen) J. L. Yang, Yen & Baum (Poaceae), and Change of Circumscription

Abstract: A lectotype of Kengyilia mutica (Keng ex Keng & S. L. Chen) J. L. Yang, Yen & Baum is here designated based on an illustration of the holotype; the latter has been lost. A more complete description than the original, which was based on a single and incomplete specimen, is provided.

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

DISCOVERY OF 6.035 GHz HYDROXYL MASER FLARES IN IRAS 18566+0408

DISCOVERY OF 6.035 GHz HYDROXYL MASER FLARES IN IRAS 18566+0408

Enzyme and pH dual responsive l -amino acid based biodegradable polymer nanocarrier for multidrug delivery to cancer cells

Hydrogen‐bonded thermotropic liquid‐crystalline polyester–amides from bis(hydroxy alkamido)aranes: Synthesis and properties

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