Leech Application

Abstract

Hirudotherapy, the use of leeches in medical treatment, has gained global recognition, including approval from the World Health Organization. This therapy is noted for its effectiveness in conjunction with modern medicine in treating various diseases, thanks to the biologically active substances leeches secrete, which possess properties such as anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Despite its benefits and cost-effectiveness, improper application without specialist supervision can lead to complications and increased healthcare costs. Regulations introduced in 2014 mandate that leech therapy be administered by qualified doctors to ensure safety and efficacy. Leeches, particularly species like Hirudo medicinalis and Hirudo verbana, are valued in medical applications. These hermaphroditic organisms, capable of living in diverse aquatic environments, produce secretions rich in therapeutic compounds. Historically used across ancient civilizations and reintroduced in modern medicine for plastic and reconstructive surgeries, leech therapy is now utilized for its pain-relief properties and to enhance wound healing and blood circulation. Clinical applications extend to plastic surgery, orthopedic treatments, wound care, pain management, and even dental health. The therapy’s benefits include alleviating symptoms of chronic conditions such as arthritis and diabetes-related wounds, as well as improving recovery post-surgery. However, precautions are necessary to avoid risks like infections and allergic reactions. Leech therapy is contraindicated for certain individuals, including those with hemophilia, pregnant women, and children under ten. The resurgence of hirudotherapy underscores the need for further scientific studies to expand its application and enhance understanding of its mechanisms. With stringent regulations and specialist involvement, leech therapy can complement conventional treatments, offering a holistic approach to healthcare.