Left hemisphere advantage for classical conditioning to auditory verbal CSs: Effects of nonattended extinction

Saban, Sara; Hugdahl, Kenneth; Stormark, Kjell Morten; Hammerborg, Dag

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb01743.x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The association between target and flanker or between flanker and response is formed in accordance with the compatible/incompatible ratio in each presentation location and each hemisphere, leading to a block-wise conflict adaptation effect. The present findings of a left hemisphere advantage in terms of visual selectivity adjustment that appeared in Experiment 3 are consistent with the previous findings that the left hemisphere dominates associative learning (Saban, Hugdahl, Stormark, & Hammerborg, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Block‐wise conflict adaptation of visual selectivity: Role of hemisphere‐dependent and location‐specific mechanisms

Kuratomi

Yoshizaki

2013

Jpn Psychol Res

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Three experiments investigated views on modulation of visual selectivity that involve hemisphere-dependence and conflict frequency based views for a whole display. In each experiment, 16 participants completed a flanker task with compatible/ incompatible stimulus arrays presented in the left, center, or right visual fields. The relative frequency of the compatible stimulus-arrays within a trial block was varied as a function of the visual field. In Experiment 1, the relative compatibility frequency in the lateral visual fields was varied (75% / 25%) but not in the center visual field (50%). The results showed that in the lateral visual fields, the performance between the compatible and incompatible trials differed more in conditions with few (vs. many) compatibility trials. Experiments 2 and 3 validated these findings. In Experiment 2, the compatibility frequency varied in the center visual field but not in the lateral fields, resulting in performance effects in all three visual fields. Experiment 3 varied the magnitude of the differences between the compatibility and incompatibility frequencies. Together, the findings showed that participants adjusted to the frequencies of compatible stimuli in all visual fields, indicating conflict adaptation that depends on the relative frequencies of compatible stimuli. The results also suggest that this adaptation is associated with hemisphere-dependent and location-specific mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Block‐wise conflict adaptation of visual selectivity: Role of hemisphere‐dependent and location‐specific mechanisms

Kuratomi

Yoshizaki

2013

Jpn Psychol Res

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“…Furthermore, the left hemispheric activation in theta 2 again reflected the effect of SKY in WMC as it had role in processing alphabets. [ 14 ] This result concluded that the role of SKY during the task along and the EEG features demonstrated SKY to be an effective method of training on comparing both the groups. In our knowledge, this is the first study done so far that attempts at establishing the role of SKY in improving WMC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Sudarshan Kriya (meditation) on gamma, alpha, and theta rhythm during working memory task

Chandra¹,

Sharma²,

Mittal³

et al. 2016

Int J Yoga

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Aims:The present study focuses on analyzing the effects of Sudarshan Kriya yoga (SKY) on brain signals during a working memory (WM) task. To envision the significant effects of SKY on WM capacity (WMC), we chose a control group for contriving a cogent comparison that could be corroborated using statistical tests.Subjects and Methods:A total of 25 subjects were taken in the study, of which 10 were allotted to a control group and 15 to an experimental group. Electroencephalograph was taken during a WM task, which was an automated operation span test before and after SKY with 90 days intervals. No SKY was given to the control group.Statistical Analysis Used:t-test and one-way ANOVA were applied.Results:SKY promoted the efficient use of energy and power spectral density (PSD) for different brain rhythms in the desired locations as depicted by the gamma (F8 channel), alpha, and theta 2 (F7 and FC5) bands. It was found that gamma PSD reduced for both phases of memory in the experimental group. Alpha energy increased during the retrieval phase in the experimental group after SKY. Theta 1 rhythm was not affected by SKY, but theta 2 had shown left hemispheric activation. Theta rhythm was associated with memory consolidation.Conclusions:SKY had shown minimized energy losses while performing the task. SKY can improve WMC by changing the brain rhythms such that energy is utilized efficiently in performing the task.

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Nonaware classical conditioning to pictorial facial stimuli in a between-groups paradigm

Saban

Hugdahl

1999

Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science

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The present experiment investigated the effects of aware and nonaware modes of extinction in classical conditioning to facial emotional stimuli. The subjects participated in three different experimental phases. In the first (habituation) phase they were presented with a 500 ms angry face. In the second (acquisition) phase, for half of the subjects the 500 ms face was paired with an aversive noise (experimental group) while for the other half of the subjects the face and the noise presentations were separated by 6-10 s intervals (sensitization control group). In the third (extinction) phase, these two groups were further divided into two subgroups. One subgroup of both the experimental and control group had the face stimulus presented for 30 ms, and immediately masked with a neutral picture. The other two subgroups had the face presented for 500 ms with no mask. The results showed that conditioning only occurred in the experimental subgroups which was indicated by a significant difference between skin conductance responses during habituation and corresponding responses during extinction. Secondly, comparing the experimental and control groups during the extinction phase, a significant conditioning effect was observed for both the aware and nonaware masked modes of extinction for the experimental group. The results suggest that conditioned autonomic responses may be elicited in a nonaware mode.

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Left hemisphere advantage for classical conditioning to auditory verbal CSs: Effects of nonattended extinction

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Block‐wise conflict adaptation of visual selectivity: Role of hemisphere‐dependent and location‐specific mechanisms

Block‐wise conflict adaptation of visual selectivity: Role of hemisphere‐dependent and location‐specific mechanisms

Effect of Sudarshan Kriya (meditation) on gamma, alpha, and theta rhythm during working memory task

Nonaware classical conditioning to pictorial facial stimuli in a between-groups paradigm

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