Left middle temporal deactivation caused by insufficient second language word comprehension by Chinese–Japanese bilinguals

Yokoyama, Satoru; Kim, Jungho; Uchida, Shin ya; Miyamoto, Tadao; Yoshimoto, Kei; Riera, Jorge J.; Yusa, Noriaki; Kawashima, Ryuta

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2009.04.002

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…One possible explanation is that the left MTG is deactivated for verbal material lacking semantics but activated for that with semantics. This explanation is consistent with previous findings that the left MTG is deactivated for pseudowords but activated for words (Ischebeck et al, 2004), and that it is deactivated during word reading in non-proficient second language learners (whose semantic access is less efficient) but activated during word reading in native speakers (Yokoyama et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Native language experience shapes neural basis of addressed and assembled phonologies

et al. 2015

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Previous studies have suggested differential engagement of addressed and assembled phonologies in reading Chinese and alphabetic languages (e.g., English) and the modulatory role of native language in learning to read a second language. However, it is not clear whether native language experience shapes the neural mechanisms of addressed and assembled phonologies. To address this question, we trained native Chinese and native English speakers to read the same artificial language (based on Korean Hangul) either through addressed (i.e., whole-word mapping) or assembled (i.e., grapheme-to-phoneme mapping) phonology. We found that, for both native Chinese and native English speakers, addressed phonology relied on the regions in the ventral pathway, whereas assembled phonology depended on the regions in the dorsal pathway. More importantly, we found that the neural mechanisms of addressed and assembled phonologies were shaped by native language experience. Specifically, two key regions for addressed phonology (i.e., the left middle temporal gyrus and right inferior temporal gyrus) showed greater activation for addressed phonology in native Chinese speakers, while one key region for assembled phonology (i.e., the left supramarginal gyrus) showed more activation for assembled phonology in native English speakers. These results provide direct neuroimaging evidence for the effect of native language experience on the neural mechanisms of phonological access in a new language and support the assimilation-accommodation hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Native language experience shapes neural basis of addressed and assembled phonologies

et al. 2015

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“…Because these factors cannot account for the differences in brain activation, our results indicated that differential cortical activation was induced by orthographic differences in the L1 writing system, namely phonographic Hangul for Korean and logographic Hanji for Chinese. Although the number of subjects that was included in our study was limited due to the highly specialized population, previous brain activation studies that have a similar purpose and design have used a similar number of subjects (Wartenburger et al 2003 ; Yokoyama et al 2009 ). However, we detected statistically robust differences with correction for multiple comparisons between the two learner groups with a random-effect model, which enabled us to generalize the observed results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stimuli were completely identical to those used in a previous study (Yokoyama et al 2009). The Japanese writing system uses both phonographic Kana and logographic Kanji scripts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As several studies have reported that different types of words show different brain activation patterns during reading (Yokoyama et al 2006b ), we included both nouns and verbs in this experimental study in order to exclude the possibility that the observed effects were specific to a certain word type. The stimuli were completely identical to those used in a previous study (Yokoyama et al 2009 ). The Japanese writing system uses both phonographic Kana and logographic Kanji scripts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although brain activities that are associated with first (L1) and second language (L2) comprehension have been examined and compared (Klein et al 1995 ; Kim et al 1997 ; Perani et al 1998 ; Wartenburger et al 2003 ; Rüschemeyer et al 2005 , 2006 ; Crinion et al 2006 ; Yokoyama et al 2006b , 2009 ; Abutalebi et al 2008 ), less attention has been paid to the cross-linguistic influence of L1 on L2 processing (Jeong et al 2007 ). As cross-linguistic variations among L1 induce distinct cortical activation patterns during L1 word recognition (Yokoyama et al 2006a ; Bick et al 2010 ), differences between L1 and L2 may affect cortical activation during L2 processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐linguistic influence of first language writing systems on brain responses to second language word reading in late bilinguals

et al. 2013

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Introduction How human brains acquire second languages (L2) is one of the fundamental questions in neuroscience and language science. However, it is unclear whether the first language (L1) has a cross-linguistic influence on the processing of L2. Methods Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare brain activities during L2 word reading tasks of phonographic Japanese Kana between two groups of learners of the Japanese language as their L2 and who had different orthographic backgrounds of their L1. For Chinese learners, a L1 of the Chinese language (Hanji) and a L2 of the Japanese Kana differed orthographically, whereas for Korean learners, a L1 of Korean Hangul and a L2 of Japanese Kana were similar. Results Our analysis revealed that, although proficiency and the age of acquisition did not differ between the two groups, Chinese learners showed greater activation of the left middle frontal gyrus than Korean learners during L2 word reading. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that strongly supported the hypothesis that cross-linguistic variations in orthography between L1 and L2 induce differential brain activation during L2 word reading, which has been proposed previously.

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Differential activity of semantic and font size judgment processing of Japanese word: An fMRI study

Guo

2012

2012 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (CME)

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Left middle temporal deactivation caused by insufficient second language word comprehension by Chinese–Japanese bilinguals

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Native language experience shapes neural basis of addressed and assembled phonologies

Native language experience shapes neural basis of addressed and assembled phonologies

Cross‐linguistic influence of first language writing systems on brain responses to second language word reading in late bilinguals

Differential activity of semantic and font size judgment processing of Japanese word: An fMRI study

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