Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Centenarians

Abstract

Objective: Centenarians are still represented as underinvestigated population. There is a large proportion of studies showed the anatomical and functional changes of the heart with ageing, but very few data available for centenarians. The aim of the Moscow Centenarian Study (NCT02876809) was to perform a complex evaluation of centenarians living in Moscow. Preliminary results of the prevalence of arterial hypertension and echocardiography are reported in this abstract. Design and method: Echocardiography was performed with a portable device In 64 (8 male) aged from 97 to 105 years. Medical history, including the past medical history of arterial hypertension (AH), was collected during an interview with centenarians, their relatives/ carers, and from medical notes if available. The diameter of aorta, left atrium size and volume index (LAVI), systolic and diastolic dimensions and volumes of the left ventricle (LV), LV mass index (LVMI), ejection fraction (EF) and diastolic function were evaluated. LV hypertrophy was diagnosed if LVMI was > 95 g/m2 in females or > 115 g/m2 in males, concentric LV geometry if relative wall thickness (RWT) > 0,42. The data are presented as Mean+SD. Results: The prevalence of AH was 78% (n = 64). Mean aortic root diameter was 3,5 + 0,34 cm and in 8 subjects exceeded 3,8 cm. Mean LAVI was 41,8 + 14,3 ml/m2 and was > 28 ml/m2 in 57 subjects. Normal LVMI and RWT were found in 13 (20,3%) of centenarians. Concentric LV remodelling was observed in 15 (23,4%), concentric LVH 24 (37,5%), eccentric LVH in 12 (18,7%). Two subjects had EF < 40% (history of MI in both), 62 subjects had EF > 50%. Structural abnormalities typical for heart failure with preserved EF (LV end diastolic volume < 97 ml/m2 and LAVI > 34 ml/m2 or LVH) was observed in 46 (71,9%) centenarians. Conclusions: The prevalence of AH and the structural changes which are specific for elevated blood pressure are common in this age group, as well as diastolic dysfunction.