Left vs. right-hemisphere regulation of aggressive behaviors inAnolis carolinensis: Effects of eye-patching and fluoxetine administration

Deckel, A. Wallace; Jevitts, Elizabeth

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(19970501)278:1<9::aid-jez2>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…As central and plasma monoaminergic activity, influence behavior, eyespot coloration, and social status [16,33,35,[37][38][39][40][41]71,73]we also measured changes in neurotransmitter and hormonal activity following a second social interaction. For example, during aggressive encounters, temporally and anatomically specific activation and reuptake of 5-HT is highly correlated with eyespot celerity, aggression and social status [8][9][10][11]41,68,69,71,73,75,76].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Memory of opponents is more potent than visual sign stimuli after social hierarchy has been established

Korzan

Höglund²,

Watt

et al. 2007

Behavioural Brain Research

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During agonistic interactions between male Anolis carolinensis, perception of a visual sign stimulus (darkened eyespots) not only inhibits aggression and promotes initial attainment of dominant social status, but also evokes distinct neuroendocrine responses in each opponent. This study was designed to examine the effect of eyespot manipulation on behavior and social rank during a second interaction between opponents that had previously established a natural dyadic social hierarchy. Prior to a second interaction, eyespots of familiar size-matched combatants were manipulated to reverse information conveyed by this visual signal. Eyespots on the previously dominant male were masked with green paint to indicate low aggression and social status. Previously subordinate males had their eyespots permanently marked with black paint to convey high aggression and status. Opponents were then repaired for a second 10 min interaction following either one or three days of separation. Aggression was generally decreased and social status between pairs remained reasonably consistent. Unlike rapidly activated monoaminergic activity that occurs following the initial pairing, most brain areas sampled were not affected when animals were re-introduced, regardless of visual signal reversal or length of separation between interactions. However in males with "normal" eyespot color, dominant males had reduced serotonergic activity in CA 3 and raphé, while subordinate males exhibited elevated CA 3 dopaminergic activity. Reversing eyespot color also reversed serotonergic activity in raphé and dopaminergic activity in CA 3 after three days of separation. The results suggest that males remember previous opponents, and respond appropriately to their previous social rank in spite of eyespot color.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Memory of opponents is more potent than visual sign stimuli after social hierarchy has been established

Korzan

Höglund²,

Watt

et al. 2007

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…However, when the right eye is leading, it acts in a more vigilant manner, spending more time looking in directions other than the threat. Similar differences in eye function have been described for other vertebrates including fishes (Bisazza et al 1997a, b;De Santi et al 2001;Bisazza and de Santi 2003), anurans Robins and Rogers 2006a, b), reptiles (Deckel and Jevitts 1997;Hews and Worthington 2000) and birds (Rogers 2000;Vallortigara et al 2001). An important difference is that in the examples cited above, the animal was exposed to different stimuli (e.g., threat, food or a conspecific), while in the present experiments the differences in eye visuo-motor patterns were obtained by comparing the activity patterns of each eye when exposed to the same stimulus (i.e., threat), with only spatial attributes changed (approach direction).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat perception in the chameleon (Chamaeleo chameleon): evidence for lateralized eye use

2012

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Chameleons are arboreal lizards with highly independent, large amplitude eye movements. In response to an approaching threat, a chameleon on a vertical pole moves so as to keep itself away from the threat. In so doing, it shifts between monocular and binocular scanning of the threat and of the environment. We analyzed eye movements in the Common chameleon, Chamaeleo chameleon, during avoidance response for lateralization, that is, asymmetry at the functional/behavioral levels. The chameleons were exposed to a threat, approaching horizontally from clockwise or anti-clockwise directions, and that could be viewed monocularly or binocularly. Our results show three broad patterns of eye use, as determined by durations spent viewing the threat and by frequency of eye shifts. Under binocular viewing, two of the patterns were found to be both side dependent, that is, lateralized and role dependent ("leading" or "following"). However, under monocular viewing, no such lateralization was detected. We discuss these findings in light of the situation not uncommon in vertebrates, of independent eye movements and a high degree of optic nerve decussation and that lateralization may well occur in organisms that are regularly exposed to critical stimuli from all spatial directions. We point to the need of further investigating lateralization at fine behavioral levels.

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“…Winberg et al (2001) reported that dietary supplementation with TRP for 7 days also results in an inhibition of aggressive behaviour in rainbow trout, whereas 3 days of TRP supplementation have no effect on aggressive behaviour. An anti-aggressive effect of the brain 5-HT system has been reported in a number of vertebrates (Raleigh et al, 1991;Blanchard et al, 1991Blanchard et al, , 1993Deckel, 1996;Deckel and Jevitts, 1997;Edwards and Kravitz, 1997;Larson and Summers, 2001) including teleost fish (Adams et al, 1996;Winberg and Nilsson, 1993), and the suppression of aggressive behaviour induced by elevated dietary TRP is believed to be mediated by elevated brain 5-HT activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-course of the effect of dietaryl-tryptophan on plasma cortisol levels in rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykiss

Lepage

Vílchez

Pottinger³

et al. 2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYIsolated juvenile rainbow trout were fed a feed supplemented with l-tryptophan (TRP) for 3, 7 or 28 days, after which they were either sampled directly (undisturbed) or subjected to a standardised stressor prior to sampling. Controls (stressed and undisturbed) received the same feed but without any supplementary TRP. Stress resulted in a significant elevation of plasma [cortisol] in fish fed control feed and in fish fed TRP-supplemented feed for 3 and 28 days. However, fish fed TRP-supplemented feed for 7 days did not show any significant elevation of plasma [cortisol] in response to stress. Plasma levels of adrenocorticotropin followed the same general pattern as cortisol. Plasma and brain [TRP] were elevated in fish fed TRP-supplemented feed. The amino acid TRP is the precursor of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and the brain 5-HT system is known to be involved in the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis. Fish fed TRP-supplemented feed showed elevated levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA, a major 5-HT metabolite) in the hypothalamus and optic tectum. However, TRP treatment did not appear to result in any effects on brain dopaminergic activity and the effects on brain norepinephric activity do not support a role of norepinephrine in mediating the effects of TRP on HPI axis reactivity in rainbow trout.

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Left vs. right-hemisphere regulation of aggressive behaviors inAnolis carolinensis: Effects of eye-patching and fluoxetine administration

Cited by 36 publications

References 44 publications

Memory of opponents is more potent than visual sign stimuli after social hierarchy has been established

Memory of opponents is more potent than visual sign stimuli after social hierarchy has been established

Threat perception in the chameleon (Chamaeleo chameleon): evidence for lateralized eye use

Time-course of the effect of dietaryl-tryptophan on plasma cortisol levels in rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykiss

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